Increasing the energy absorption capacity of structural components made of low alloy steel by combining strain hardening and local heat treatment

Conrads, Laura; Liebsch, Conrad

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.771

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Different process-adapted heat-treatment strategies were applied to identify a suitable pattern for increasing the energy absorption of the crash box. Conrads et al have shown that the energy absorption of crash boxes can be increased by implementing a wavelike pattern using laser heat treatment [35]. However, the arc welding technique has not been investigated for such application.…”

Section: Heat Treatments and Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimization resulted in a 35% weight reduction of the crash box. Conrads et al [35] have used local heat treatment for increasing the energy absorption capacity of the crash box and also increasing ductility at the corners of the steel crash box to prevent crack initiation. Based on their results, the locally heat-treated crash box in comparison to the fully-recrystallized crash box can absorb the same amount of energy with 17% less crushing distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of inverted process-chain development to improve crash box performance

Aghdam¹,

Sparrer²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Currently, components, processes and materials are mainly developed independently. However, to exploit the full potential of modern materials in component design, integrative development work is necessary. Component performance-based requirements and corresponding local material properties must be taken into account. In this work, a component-driven approach and therefore an inverted process chain is presented and demonstrated on the performance of a crash box, produced from DP600 steel. This is aimed to increase the energy absorption of the crash box without losing progressive buckling behavior. The finite element simulations were carried out on the crash box. It was shown that the crash box corners play an important role in the crash box performance, and required material properties for improving the crash box performance were derived based on the simulations. Heat treatment strategies were afterward developed and experimentally validated to fulfill these requirements. Then different local heat-treatment processes were applied to the corners of the crash boxes and tested experimentally. The experiments results validate the potential of the inverted process chain to improve the components performance. Furthermore, in this paper, optimal material properties were extracted for crash box strengthening, which lead to high energy absorption and a low peak force of it.

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Section: Heat Treatments and Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of inverted process-chain development to improve crash box performance

Aghdam¹,

Sparrer²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…13 Also, grid pattern forms an interesting case for influencing crashworthiness of vehicle body parts as highlighted in. 14,15…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study also demonstrated the influence of grid pattern size on crashworthiness of the locally laser heat treated components. Further on, an FE simulation approach based on the crash behavior requirements was developed by Conrads et al 15 to identify the selective areas for laser heat treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of selective laser heat treatment on geometrical variation in boron steel components: An experimental investigation

Sagar

Wärmefjord

Söderberg

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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Selective laser heat treatment is a well-known process for its ability to produce tailor heat treated blanks (THTB). Specifically, ultra high strength boron steels with tailored material properties can be produced. However, this process generates unwanted distortion and influences geometrical variation. This in turn can affect functionality, aesthetics, and performance of the final product. Understanding the effects on geometrical variation in the final product or the assembly will enable in designing and producing geometry assured products. In this paper, boron steel blanks were selectively laser heat treated with a specific heat treatment pattern and laser heating direction sequence. These heat treated blanks were then cold formed. Further on, spot welding simulation of the cold formed parts was performed to assess the effect on geometrical variation at the assembly level. The results show that the effect of selective laser heat treatment on geometrical variation at part level propagates further to the assembly level. It implies that the effect on geometrical variation should be minimized at part level, when the blanks are laser heat treated. Hence, the sources that influence geometrical variation at part level when employing selective laser heat treatment are presented and discussed. The motivation and possibilities to minimize the effects in the early design concept stages is provided.

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“…Meanwhile, composite materials are difficult to recycle, and the manufacturing cost is relatively higher than metals, which limits its use in the automotive [15]. Laura et al [16] found that the combination of strain hardening and local heat treatment can be used to improve the crushing performance of the energy-absorbing box, compared to a globally heat-treated one. Hitoshi et al [17] suggested that the thickness of surface recrystallization layer should be less than 500 nm, and the thickness of the fibrous structure should be more than 50% of the entire thickness (1 to 5 mm) for the materials used in the frame structure of the automobile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aging Time on Crushing Performance of Al-0.5Mg-0.4Si Alloy for Safety Components of Automobile

Jiang²,

et al. 2021

Metals

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The effect of aging time on the crushing performance of Al-0.5Mg-0.4Si alloy used for safety components of automobile was investigated by tensile test and crush test. Moreover, the microstructure of the alloy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the localized deformation ductility index, ΔAabs, which is defined as the difference between total elongation and uniform elongation, of Al-0.5Mg-0.4Si alloy is 6.5%, 7.0% and 8.5%, respectively, after being aged at 210 °C for 1, 3 and 6 h, and this tendency is the same as that of the crushing performance. The spacing of grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) from TEM results are found to be 94.9, 193.6 and 408.2 nm after being aged at 210 °C for 1, 3 and 6 h, respectively, and this tendency is same to that of ΔAabs. A mechanism about the relation between the spacing of GBPs and the ductility index ΔAabs has been proposed based on localized deformation around GBPs. With the increase of GBPs spacing, the ΔAabs increases, and the crushing performance is improved.

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Increasing the energy absorption capacity of structural components made of low alloy steel by combining strain hardening and local heat treatment

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Potential of inverted process-chain development to improve crash box performance

Potential of inverted process-chain development to improve crash box performance

Effect of selective laser heat treatment on geometrical variation in boron steel components: An experimental investigation

Effect of Aging Time on Crushing Performance of Al-0.5Mg-0.4Si Alloy for Safety Components of Automobile

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