Incrementally developed slickenfibers — Geological record of repeating low stress-drop seismic events?

Fagereng, Åke; Remitti, Francesca; Sibson, Richard H.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2011.08.015

Cited by 77 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the geological aspects and physical mechanisms controlling slow earthquakes remain elusive (Schwartz and Rokosky 2007). Recently, geological records of slow earthquakes were examined in accretionary complexes that were exhumed from hypocentral depths and temperatures of slow earthquakes (Fagereng et al 2011;Hayman and Lavier 2014). In addition, experimental investigations of slow earthquakes have been conducted using possible representative rocks from their hypocentral regions (Burlini et al 2009;Katayama et al 2012;Ikari et al 2013;Saito et al 2013).…”

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shear veins are subparallel to cleavage in the mudstone matrix and are marked by incrementally developed quartz slickenfibers (Figure 16). Fagereng et al (2011) revealed shear slip increments of 10 to 100 μm based on measurements of inclusion band spacing. The quartz-coated shear surfaces are traceable for meters to tens of meters; thus, the ratio of slip to potential rupture length (i.e., u/L) is in the range of 10 −6 to 10 −5 .…”

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quartz-coated shear surfaces are traceable for meters to tens of meters; thus, the ratio of slip to potential rupture length (i.e., u/L) is in the range of 10 −6 to 10 −5 . Considering u/L = Δτ/G (Wells and Coppersmith 1994), where Δτ is the stress drop and G is the shear modulus for subducting sediments (3 GPa), Δτ can be estimated in the range of 3 to 30 kPa (Fagereng et al 2011). It is likely that the tectonic setting of the mélange and the very low stress drop during a single shear slip event are comparable to the low-frequency earthquakes observed in swarms during episodic tremors and slow slip events along subduction thrusts.…”

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that the tectonic setting of the mélange and the very low stress drop during a single shear slip event are comparable to the low-frequency earthquakes observed in swarms during episodic tremors and slow slip events along subduction thrusts. Thus, shear veins with incrementally developed slickenfibers (Figure 16) may be a product of tremor and slow slip (Fagereng et al 2011). Saito et al (2013) examined the fault rocks and frictional properties of thrusts in the Eocene Kayo Formation in the Shimanto accretionary complex of Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Arc.…”

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earthquake faulting in subduction zones: insights from fault rocks in accretionary prisms

Ujiie

Kimura

2014

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Subduction earthquakes on plate-boundary megathrusts accommodate most of the global seismic moment release, frequently resulting in devastating damage by ground shaking and tsunamis. As many earthquakes occur in deep-sea regions, the dynamics of earthquake faulting in subduction zones is poorly understood. However, the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) and fault rock studies in accretionary prisms exhumed from source depths of subduction earthquakes have greatly improved our understanding of earthquake faulting in subduction zones. Here, we review key advances that have been made over the last decade in the studies of fault rocks and in laboratory experiments using fault zone materials, with a particular focus on the Nankai Trough subduction zone and its on-land analog, the Shimanto accretionary complex in Japan. New insights into earthquake faulting in subduction zones are summarized in terms of the following: (1) the occurrence of seismic slip along velocity-strengthening materials both at shallow and deep depths; (2) dynamic weakening of faults by melt lubrication and fluidization, and possible factors controlling coseismic deformation mechanisms; (3) fluid-rock interactions and mineralogical and geochemical changes during earthquakes; and (4) geological and experimental aspects of slow earthquakes.

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Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological and Experimental Aspects Of Slow Earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earthquake faulting in subduction zones: insights from fault rocks in accretionary prisms

Ujiie

Kimura

2014

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…Mineral lineation resulted from the fibrous extensional veins development within dilational jogs occurring along the slip surfaces recording the cyclical opening and infilling by calcite may be related to microearthquakes that were generated by the shallow stable sliding of the fault (cf. Fagereng et al 2011;Colletttini et al 2011). The syntectonic vein development was 1 3 associated with pressure solution of fault plane and host rock, defined as pressure solution creep process (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow-generated damage within non-planar strike-slip fault zones: role of sedimentary rocks in slip accommodation, SW Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Rybak-Ostrowska

Konon

Domonik

et al. 2016

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Dehydration‐induced porosity waves and episodic tremor and slip

Skarbek

Rempel

2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) along the subduction interface takes place where there is abundant evidence for elevated, near-lithostatic pore pressures, at sufficiently great depths (30-45 km) that chemical dehydration reactions must act as their dominant source. We simulate fluid and heat flow while tracking the location of a vertically oriented, one-dimensional column of material as it subducts through the slow slip and tremor zone. The material in the column is transformed through a pressure-dependent and temperature-dependent dehydration reaction that we describe with a generalized nonlinear kinetic rate law. Column deformation is largely dominated by viscous creep, with a closure rate that depends linearly on porosity. This behavior causes the dehydration reaction to generate traveling porosity waves that transport increased fluid pressures within the slow slip region. To explore the possibility that the observed periodicity of slow slip and tremor in subduction zones can be explained by the migration of such porosity waves, we derive a dispersion relation that accurately describes our numerical results. We also obtain an expression for how the thickness of the dehydrating layer is expected to vary as a function of the parameters in the reaction rate law. Although the amplitudes of pore pressure perturbations rival those that are produced by known external forcings (e.g., tides or passing surface waves), our analysis suggests that given reasonable estimates of rock viscosity, permeabilities in the range 6:5310 215 to 5310 210 m 2 are required for porosity wave trains to form at periods comparable to those of slow slip and tremor.

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Incrementally developed slickenfibers — Geological record of repeating low stress-drop seismic events?

Cited by 77 publications

References 37 publications

Earthquake faulting in subduction zones: insights from fault rocks in accretionary prisms

Earthquake faulting in subduction zones: insights from fault rocks in accretionary prisms

Shallow-generated damage within non-planar strike-slip fault zones: role of sedimentary rocks in slip accommodation, SW Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Dehydration‐induced porosity waves and episodic tremor and slip

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