Independence of benzodiazepine and opiate action in the suppression of isolation distress in rat pups.

Carden, Susan E.; Hofer, Myron A.

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.104.1.160

Cited by 89 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The central nerve including GABA, opiate and serotonin neuron is thought to be important in the regulation of USVs. It was reported that the USVs were decreased by treatment with benzodiazepines [23], opiates [6] and serotonin receptor agonists [14,24]. These chemicals belong to anti-panic drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ultrasonic Vocalizations Emitted bv Rodent Pups

et al. 2004

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Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) emitted by rodent pups, mouse, rat, Syrian hamster, vole, and Mongolian gerbil, were compared as a basic study for a screening test of anti-panic drugs. USVs of rodent pups, separated from their mother under a low temperature condition, were collected by Real-Time Spectrogram (RTS) apparatus, and transformed into spectrograms and power spectra by SIGNAL software. Waveforms of USVs emitted by the rodent pups showed several characteristic features, and species specificity of USVs was shown. We think that the species specificity might be due to differences of the anatomical structures in the respiratory tract and respiratory patterns in rodent pups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ultrasonic Vocalizations Emitted bv Rodent Pups

et al. 2004

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“…Infant rats typically respond to separation from their dams and littermates with ultrasonic vocalization (USV) (Blumberg, Efimova, & Alberts, 1992a;Carden, Barr, & Hofer, 1991;Carden & Hofer, 1990a, 1990bHofer & Shair, 1978;Insel, Hill, & Mayor, 1986;Noirot, 1972), which results in the mother's search for and retrieval of them (Smotherman, Bell, Starzec, Elias, & Zachman, 1974). However, in a more-threatening varient of this testing condition (i.e., when an unfamiliar adult male rat is introduced), rat pups suppress separation-induced vocalization (Takahashi, 1992), a finding that can be mimicked through injection of pups with corticosterone (Takahashi & Rubin, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Prenatal stress suppresses rat pup ultrasonic vocalization and myoclonic twitching in response to separation

1999

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“…It has consequently been proposed that social isolation is a stressor that releases opioids as other stressors do [64], It may also be observed that maternal separation has been found to be without effect on the activity of opioid systems in one study [65] but to reduce P-endorphin and enkephalin con centrations in some regions of the brain under certain conditions in another [66]. Furthermore, several non opioid drugs, like benzodiazepines, serotonin agonists and some ligands at the NMDA receptor reduce maternal separation-induced distress calls [58,67,68], These obser vations show that they are not dependent solely on opioids. Rather it seems as if ultrasonic distress vocaliza tions are sensitive to anxiolytics in general.…”

Section: Social Motivation In Recently Weaned Rats Is Modified By Opimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were diminished by the administration of opioids in several species [58][59][60][61][62], Separation from the mother was supposed to reduce opioid release, and its consequences should hence be reduced by morphine, just as was the case. This implicates that morphine administration subtituted for the mother.…”

Section: Social Motivation In Recently Weaned Rats Is Modified By Opimentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Motivation in Recently Weaned Rats Is Modified by Opiates

Ågmo¹,

Barreau²,

Lemaire³

1997

Dev Neurosci

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An open field choice test was used to determine whether maternal deprivation enhanced the motivation to stay close to the mother. Pups could choose between the dam, 3 sisters and 3 unknown animals of the same age. In addition, an empty enclosure identical to those that contained the stimulus animals were present as a nonsocial choice. Rats that were separated from their mother at 20 days of age and tested about 13 h later were compared to animals that had stayed with the mother until just before the test. It was found that maternal separation increased the time spent close to the mother and reduced that spent close to strangers or an empty enclosure. In fact, weaned animals spent far more time close to the mother than they spent close to any other available choice. Moreover, the mean duration of visits to the mother was much increased during the latter half of the 60-min test. These data were interpreted as showing that the mother had rewarding properties, and that maternal deprivation increased her reward value. In further experiments, the role of opioids for this increase in reward value was evaluated. Morphine enhanced the time spent close to the mother, but only in animals that had been subjected to maternal deprivation for about 13 h. Naloxone had the opposite effect. These data show that the mother''s reward value is altered when the activity of opioid systems is modified. It is suggested that the mother acquires rewarding properties because of association with nutritive suckling-induced opioid release.

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Independence of benzodiazepine and opiate action in the suppression of isolation distress in rat pups.

Cited by 89 publications

References 26 publications

Comparison of Ultrasonic Vocalizations Emitted bv Rodent Pups

Comparison of Ultrasonic Vocalizations Emitted bv Rodent Pups

Prenatal stress suppresses rat pup ultrasonic vocalization and myoclonic twitching in response to separation

Social Motivation in Recently Weaned Rats Is Modified by Opiates

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