Independence of Transfer of Solute and Solvent across the Rat lleum

Green, K.; Seshadri, B.; Matty, A. J.

doi:10.1038/1961322a0

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Vaughan, 1960;Grim, 1962) or only follows passively the active exchange of osmotically effective solutes, particularly sodium and chloride (e.g. Curran, 1960;Green, Seshadri &;Matty, 1962). The present results support the latter view.…”

Section: Cation and Water Inter-relations In Ileal Effluentsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mineral composition and rates of flow of effluent from the distal ileum of liquid‐fed calves

Smith¹

1966

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Liquid-fed calves (aged 12-4 months) examined more than five weeks after inserting a re-entrant fistula into the distal ileum, of normal sodium and potassium status and without abnormal gut infection, showed mean emergence rates from the ileum for sodium, potassium and water of 2*3 m-mole/hr, 0-38 m-mole/hr and 21 g/hr respectively after 16 hr fasting.2. Sodium and potassium emergence rates changed little when the residues from a milk or glucose-solution feed arrived at the distal ileum. When magnesium chloride was added to a glucose-solution feed an increase sometimes occurred but only in association with decreased smallintestine transit time.3. Widely differing sodium and potassium intakes had no appreciable direct effect on their emergence rates. Continued feeding of a diet deficient in either ion, however, altered the calf's metabolism and led to appropriate changes in the sodium/potassium ratio of ileal effluent. These changes were not simulated by injecting adrenal cortex hormones. The ratio also decreased when ileal effluent was allowed to discharge for several weeks without being returned to the colon. It was abnormally high in samples obtained less than five weeks after inserting cannulae.4. An increase in sodium and potassium emergence rates, which often occurred spontaneously at about 3 months of age, appeared to be due to infection and was usually prevented by giving aureomycin orally.5. Water emergence rate reflected changes in the emergence rates of osmotically effective constituents and isotonicity was maintained. In effluent after fasting, the cations involved were mainly sodium and potassium, and [Na]

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Section: Cation and Water Inter-relations In Ileal Effluentsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mineral composition and rates of flow of effluent from the distal ileum of liquid‐fed calves

Smith¹

1966

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Each segment was weighed when empty and after filling, at the beginning of the experiment, and when full and after emptying at the end of the experiment. The net water movement and tissue water uptake were determined as has been described by us earlier (Green, Seshadri, and Matty, 1962).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thyroxine on the isolated rat intestine

Matty¹,

Seshadri²

1965

Gut

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EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS In the intact animal some observers have shown an increased absorption of sugars and fatty acid after treatment with thyroxin. The following paper, in which uptake studies on the small isolated intestine of rats made thyrotoxic are reported, shows that inhibition of absorption of water, glucose, and a non-utilizable amino-acid (ac-amino isobutyric acid) can also result. The authors feel that the estimation for these differences may be because of differences of doses of thyroxine, methods of administration, and possibly a variable effect of different tissues.Hyperthyroidism is well known clinically to bring about emaciation and gastrointestinal disorders.Recently it was shown in many animals, such as rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, and dogs, and also in frogs, that there is a reduction in the gastric acid secretion when these animals were fed with desiccated thyroid (Nasset, Logan, Kelley, and Thomas, 1959;Goldsmith and Nasset, 1959;Nasset and Goldsmith, 1961). Accelerated uptake of glucose in the intact intestine of hyperthyroid rats has been reported (Althausen, 1949; Althausen and Stockholm, 1938), while it has been claimed that thyroxine increases glucose absorption from the perfused gut of Rana esculenta (Gellhorn and Northup, 1933).The effect of thyroidal hormones on the absorption processes of the isolated intestine do not, however, appear to have attracted much attention. Halliday, Howard, and Munro (1962) have shown that glucose transfer across the isolated everted intestine of mice was inhibited when the animals were fed with 0 5 % desiccated thyroid for 14 days (personal communication), but that there was no change in the water movement across the gut; Levin and Smyth (1963) have also observed that hyperthyroid rats show little change in their hexose transfer mechanism across the isolated intestine. Very recently one of us (Seshadri, in preparation) has obtained results to show that thyroxine can produce inhibitory effects on the oxygen consumption and phosphorylation of the intestinal segments of rats. The present work reports the effect of thyroxine on the absorption and movement of non-utilizable amino-acid, o-amino isobutyric acid, glucose, and water by the isolated rat intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODSFemale rats of about 200 g. body weight were given intraperitoneal injections of 100 ,ug. Na-thyroxine in physiological saline (0-9% NaCl) per 100 g. of body weight daily for three days. Control rats received only normal saline solution. Rats were killed by ether on the fourth day following 18 hours of starvation. The entire intestine was washed in situ with cold saline as soon as the viscera were opened. The ilial portion, from the posterior end of the duodenum up to the caecum was removed, everted, and divided into five equal portions. Three of the intestinal segments (I, II, and ILI) from the duodenal end were prepared following the technique of Wilson and Wiseman (1954) as modified by Parsons, Smyth, and Taylor (1958) for longer pieces of gut. Each segment was made into a sac, tyi...

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Salts and Water

Edmonds

1974

Intestinal Absorption

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Independence of Transfer of Solute and Solvent across the Rat lleum

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Mineral composition and rates of flow of effluent from the distal ileum of liquid‐fed calves

Mineral composition and rates of flow of effluent from the distal ileum of liquid‐fed calves

Effect of thyroxine on the isolated rat intestine

Salts and Water

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