India’s Maritime Strategic Outreach in the Indian Ocean Region: Power Projection and Escalation Dominance

Khan, Zulfqar; Khan, Zafar

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-6961-6_4

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In 2017, the Indian military introduced the Joint Armed Forces Doctrine, emphasising the possibility of surgical strikes under the nuclear threshold. Finally, in 2018, the Indian army introduced Land NDU Journal 2023 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Warfare Doctrine (LWD) to incorporate lessons from previous military doctrines, improve overall warfighting capabilities, restructure pivot corps and add an offensive punch to maintain a strategic edge against Pakistan in South Asia. 6…”

Section: Overview Of Doctrinal Shift In the Indian Armymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…India is already dealing with Russia and Israel for this domain's S-400 and Barak-8 long-range air defence systems. 15 These air defence systems would give the Indian military confidence to feel secure NDU Journal 2023 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] against PAF or missiles. Such thinking is aggressive and would invite a severe response from Pakistan.…”

Section: Force Modernisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pakistan developed TNWs in 2011 to deter India's CSD or proactive military strategy, emphasising limited incursions with division sized IBGs. 22 The idea of TNWs and full spectrum deterrence of Pakistan worked, and India had to put a hold on her limited war options. However, India's doctrinal transformation brought into play the idea of subconventional warfare or surgical strikes in South Asia.…”

Section: D) Nuclear Escalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016, the Indian Army propagated that it conducted an alleged surgical strike against Pakistan, which later became propaganda. 1 Nevertheless, the Indian military kept of possibilities to find the gap between Pakistan's nuclear and conventional capabilities to impose a limited war NDU Journal 2023 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] against Pakistan. On the other hand, Pakistan's military always showed her preparedness and deterred the Indian army at all levels from maintaining strategic parity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Doctrinal Shift in the Indian Army After 2018: Implications for Pakistan

Al-Saba,

Fatima

2023

NDUJ

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Indian Army's doctrinal manoeuvring would create severe challenges for the strategic stability of South Asia. The New Land Warfare Doctrine envisage force restructuring. Under the new doctrine, Indian Army's Integrated Battle Groups will be highly equipped with reduced numbers but qualitatively a deadly force with modern weapons and equipment for quick shallower operations under the nuclear threshold of Pakistan. The LWD also focuses on a force to fight a two-front war against China and Pakistan. Still, this point is contentious because India's military deployment and force modernisation is Pakistan-focused, not against China. China is too assertive for India, and both states have huge asymmetry at all levels. In addition, the article concludes that under this new doctrine, India would also use sub-conventional warfare operations or surgical strikes. The study concludes that Pakistan will never accept any intimidation or bullying. Pakistan's response to any misadventure by India will be apt, quick and precise. The study emphasises that confrontation between two belligerents would have far-reaching regional and global security implications. Both nuclear powers of South Asia must engage themselves in a meaningful, consistent dialogue process for South Asia's long-term peace and stability. Bibliography Entry Saba, Al-Kokab and Dr. Noor Fatima (2023) “Doctrinal Shift in the Indian Army after 2018: Implications for Pakistan” NDU Journal. 37: 16-24.

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Section: Overview Of Doctrinal Shift In the Indian Armymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Force Modernisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D) Nuclear Escalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Doctrinal Shift in the Indian Army After 2018: Implications for Pakistan

Al-Saba,

Fatima

2023

NDUJ

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“…the arch strategic rival of both rising China and Pakistan) modernize its conventional and nuclear deterrent forces, then this may increase the security dilemma in the broader Southern Asian region as well. On the one hand, the Chinese are increasingly concerned with the potential assertion of India both at the continental and maritime domains, but on the other hand, it also worries Pakistan’s security leadership too because of the perceived security threats it faces from the increasing temptation for preemptive strikes from India (Khan and Khan, 2021). In doing so, both China and Pakistan will potentially increase their effective countermeasure to fill the missing gaps by countering and/or denying India from its assertive policies largely perceived in Pakistan.…”

Section: The Persistent Effects Of Competing Strategies In the Asia-p...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of US–China competing strategies in Asia-Pacific on India and Pakistan rivalry in the South Asian region

Khan

2021

Asian Journal of Comparative Politics

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This article primarily focuses on how the increasing US–China competing strategies in Asia-Pacific affect the policies of South Asian rivals India and Pakistan when, on the one hand, the US as part of its offshore balancing grand strategy has been increasing its strategic partnership with India through the transfer of emerging technologies in terms of military modernization process, and on the other hand, China and Pakistan have improved their geo-economic and geostrategic partnership as part of the Chinese grand strategy via the Belt and Road Initiative while enabling Pakistan to produce effective countermeasures against its potential adversary. The article presumes that, in doing so, such competing strategies frame a quadrangle setting comprising of US and India to deter and contain China on the one hand and China and Pakistan to produce countermeasures and try to create a balance to potentially prevent the risk of conflict in South Asia out of such competing strategies at the quadrangle order conceived here. However, in fact, neither the US nor rising China would desire such a possibility of conflict otherwise unintendedly occurring from the intense US–China competing strategies while affecting the policies of the South Asian rivals. The article concludes that the shaping of this quadrangle framework may bring both opportunities and challenges for the South Asian rivals. It also concludes that the more intense the competition between the US and China becomes, the more intense its implications could be on the South Asian rivals, while the reduced tension between China and the US, although unlikely, would have reduced pressure on India and Pakistan relations as well.

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India’s Maritime Strategic Outreach in the Indian Ocean Region: Power Projection and Escalation Dominance

Cited by 2 publications

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Doctrinal Shift in the Indian Army After 2018: Implications for Pakistan

Doctrinal Shift in the Indian Army After 2018: Implications for Pakistan

The effects of US–China competing strategies in Asia-Pacific on India and Pakistan rivalry in the South Asian region

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