Indications for hormone therapy: the post-Women's Health Initiative era

Reed, Susan D.; Newton, Katherine M.; LaCroix, Andrea Z.

doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2004.07.008

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…Hormone replacement therapy is no longer recommended in the treatment of osteoporosis following the results of the Women's Health Trial which demonstrated greater cardiovascular and cancer risks among women who took both oestrogen and progesterone and increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and stroke among women who took oestrogen alone. 42 Another medication, calcitonin, is generally used to decrease pain related to vertebral fracture. It is generally not recommended to prevent hip fracture, since it is less effective in treating osteoporosis than other agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with a second hip fracture: a systematic review

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with a second hip fracture: a systematic review

et al. 2007

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“…Particularly, the widespread use of hormone replacement therapy has been reconsidered based on the assessment of benefits and harm ( 7 ) . Although considerable controversy surrounds the use of hormone replacement therapy ( 8 – 11 ) , the results of the Women Health Initiative study ( 12 ) led to substantial modifications by health care providers in the prescription pattern for the primary prevention of osteoporosis, with rapid reduction in hormone replacement therapy use ( 13 – 15 ) . Thus what was considered as the best therapeutic approach in the primary prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis was widely discontinued as documented by a 57 % prescription reduction in the USA between 2002 and 2004 ( 15 ) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibition of bone turnover by milk intake in postmenopausal women

et al. 2008

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Increased postmenopausal bone turnover leads to bone loss and fragility fracture risk. In the absence of osteoporosis, risk preventive measures, particularly those modifying nutritional lifestyle, are appropriate. We tested the hypothesis that milk supplementation affects bone turnover related to biochemical markers in a direction that, in the long term, may be expected to reduce postmenopausal bone loss. Thirty healthy postmenopausal women aged 59·3 (SD 3·3) years were enrolled in a prospective crossover trial of 16 weeks. After a 4-week period of adaptation with diet providing 600 mg calcium plus 300 mg ingested as 250 ml semi-skimmed milk, participants were maintained during 6 weeks under the same 600 mg calcium diet and randomized to receive either 500 ml semi-skimmed milk, thus providing a total of 1200 mg calcium, or no milk supplement. In the next 6 weeks they were switched to the alternative regimen. At the end of the each period, i.e. after 4, 10 and 16 weeks, blood and urinary samples were collected. The changes in blood variables between the periods of 6 weeks without and with milk supplementation were: for parathyroid hormone, 23·2 pg/ml (P¼ 0·0054); for crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen, 2624 pg/ml (P,0·0001); for propeptide of type I procollagen, 25·5 ng/ml (P¼ 0·0092); for osteocalcin, 2 2·8 ng/ml (P¼0·0014). In conclusion, a 6-week period of milk supplementation induced a decrease in several biochemical variables compatible with diminished bone turnover mediated by reduction in parathyroid hormone secretion. This nutritional approach to postmenopausal alteration in bone metabolism may be a valuable measure in the primary prevention of osteoporosis.Menopause: Milk supplementation: Calcium intake: Bone turnover

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Physiology and Pathology of the Female Reproductive Axis

Bulun¹

2016

Williams Textbook of Endocrinology

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Indications for hormone therapy: the post-Women's Health Initiative era

Cited by 6 publications

References 114 publications

Factors associated with a second hip fracture: a systematic review

Factors associated with a second hip fracture: a systematic review

Inhibition of bone turnover by milk intake in postmenopausal women

Physiology and Pathology of the Female Reproductive Axis

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