Indicator of tension in the living space of protective forest stands

Changes related to urban infrastructure directly affect the ecological environment, including soil properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-erosion and flow-regulating effect of park stands in complex terrain conditions of Kyiv. Forestry and tax indicators of plantings are established according to recognized tax methods. The upper layers of the soil were studied by determining the hardness, water permeability, density, and humidity on paths and in stands. Soil hardness in plantations increases from 9.1 ± 0.76-10.8 ± 1.01 kg/cm2 to 15.4 ± 0.25-30.8 ± 0.15 kg/cm2 , which is associated with the intensity of trampling them. Therewith, the soil changes from loose to medium loose and even dense. Determination of water permeability also showed a significant discrepancy, from 18.6 ± 0.76-20.6 ± 0.66 mm/min to 1.9 ± 0.10-5.7 ± 0.33 mm/min, respectively. Research has confirmed the inverse correlation between soil hardness and water permeability. The obtained indicators of soil density in the stands (1.12-1.20 g/cm3) and on the paths (1.34-1.66 g/cm3), albeit without sharp differences, in both cases indicate their criticality for further normal development of stands. Changes in soil moisture data in stands (16.9-20.6%) are decreasing in comparison with paths (11.2-12.6%), which also indicates the deterioration of growing conditions. The presence of active roots in the upper thickness of the soil on the control was 5.8-9.8 g, and on the paths, depending on the intensity of trampling, from 0.0 to 2.2 g. The territories under study were surveyed to identify characteristic erosion processes. It was established that the park spaces are in a satisfactory condition and fully perform an anti-erosion effect. The threat of erosion processes occurs on paths of intense load. The results obtained can be used for monitoring and regulating anthropogenic load

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of recreational load on the anti-erosion properties of the soils of park stands

Маliuha¹,

Minder²,

Sovakov³

2022

“…Nutrient reserves of a metre-deep soil layer are shown in Table 3. The relatively weak influence of forest stands on soil properties is explained by the fact that it is extremely difficult for them to adapt to uncharacteristic and harsh growing conditions, so they face high energy costs and a substantial indicator of the intensity of living space (Maliuha & Minder, 2020). The intensity of falling off depends mainly on compliance with the technology of creating plantings, and on how well it is possible to create conditions for the engraftment of plants that are sensitive at a young age and simultaneously plastic in terms of attachment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants begin to crowd each other in space, competing for light, water, soil nutrients, etc. The struggle for living space ( Maliuha & Minder, 2020) is intensifying towards the end of the second age period in both the aboveground and underground parts of plantings. The tent of the stand becomes denser and more powerful along the entire height of the crown placement.…”

Section: Malyuga and Mindermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants grow Age periods of development of protective forest stands... and develop due to the action of their active surface, which requires space, which is necessary to increase the size of the aboveground part of trunks and crowns, and spread root systems. Therefore, solving the spatial problem for individual trees and plantings, in general, is vital (Maliuha & Minder, 2020). During this age period, all trees cannot continue to grow and develop under the same conditions.…”

Section: Malyuga and Mindermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Untitled

2021

“…4). (Maliuha & Minder, 2020) посилюється до кінця другого вікового періоду як у надземній, так і в підземній частинах насаджень. Намет деревостану стає щільнішим і потужним по всій висоті розміщення крони.…”

unclassified

Age periods of the development of protective forest plantations in the restoration of eroded ravine and ravine lands

Maliuha¹,

Minder²

2021

Self Cite

At present, high-level attention is paid to the issues of the role, significance, optimal use of soils, their protection and combating degradation. By introducing the Sustainable Development Goals at the national level, Ukraine is obliged to introduce new programs and projects that, in practice, will have macroeconomic stability, ecological balance and social cohesion. During scientific research on the multifunctional role of protective forest plantations, which at one time were created on eroded territories, which include gully-ravine lands, to revive the properties of soils, work was carried out to substantiate their regenerative function. To achieve this goal, 90 soil-forest typological stations were established in erosion control plantations of various periods of plant growth and development with the selection of 270 soil samples. A study of their water-physical and agrochemical properties was carried out with the processing of the data obtained by statistical methods. Based on the analysis of scientific literary sources, the study of successful production experience and our own research on anti-erosion plantations to determine their impact on soil properties and the environment, qualitative stages of the ecological restoration of eroded soils have been developed. Changes in the age periods of growth and development of woody plants in protective forest plantations created on gully-ravine lands lead to a gradual step-by-step ecological restoration of eroded soils. Thus, a clear correlation of the age periods of growth and development of woody plants with the qualitative stages of ecological restoration of eroded soils was obtained. The selection of research objects provided for taking into account the same technology for creating anti-erosion plantings, growth and development in the same conditions, corresponding to five age periods of growth and development of woody plants. In each age period, qualitative changes occur during the growth and development of the vegetation cover, as well as quantitative changes in indicators characterizing the properties of the soil, which are presented in comparison with the control, which is the pasture. The main functions of these plantings are presented. Attention is paid to all age periods of growth and development of anti-erosion plantings in terms of forest measures for the successful cultivation of anti-erosion plantings and their effective action. The stages of ecological restoration of eroded territories are clearly consistent with the identified age periods. The prospects for understanding the process of restoring protective vegetation cover, including forest plantations, and their direct impact on the properties of eroded soils are opening up. Keywords: erosion processes, eroded soils, anti-erosion role, periods of development, qualitative stages, soil properties, hydraulic roughness.