Indicators for national science and technology policy: how robust are composite indicators?

Grupp, Hariolf; Mogee, Mary Ellen

doi:10.1016/j.respol.2004.09.007

Cited by 184 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The index measures the orientation of farmers towards market participation which range from 0 to 1.The interpretation of the index is that the closer it is to one, the greater the intensity of market participation. A composite weighted price index on value addition which is an inclusive approach was mathematically computed guided by studies such as (Grupp and Mogee, 2004;Sharpe and Andrews, 2012). The weighted index was based on the argument that value addition changes the price value of cassava products which further increases opportunities for market participation (Osmani and Hossain, 2015).The index is computed as follows:…”

Section: Empirical Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach

Opondo¹,

Dannenberg²,

Willkomm³

2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Cassava commercialization is a concept that has been used by many development practitioners because of its possible strategic role in transforming livelihoods of smallholder farmers in subSaharan Africa, including Siaya and Kilifi Counties in Kenya. This concept can easily be implemented when the levels of commercialization is known. However, empirical evidence reveals little information on the levels of cassava commercialization amongst smallholder farmers in these counties. Thus effective policy interventions on cassava commercialization for these farmers are difficult to implement, since there is no proper understanding of their levels of cassava commercialization. Therefore the main objective of this paper was to characterize levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers. Factors influencing cassava commercialization were also evaluated. The data was collected from 381 farm households in Siaya and Kilifi Counties (Kenya).This data was used to calculate the Household Commercialization Index (HCI) and Value Addition Indices (VAI) which were then integrated to form the Commercialization Index (CI). This integrated index formed the basis for categorizing the levels of commercialization. A multinomial regression model was used to evaluate factors that affect levels of commercialization. The results obtained revealed that majority of smallholder farmers' operate at low and medium categories with very few of them at high level. Distance to the market, cassava acreage, schooling years, gender and marketing costs were the key determinants of the levels of commercialization. In order to promote high level commercialization, the study recommends developing policies that enhance formal education among farmers, optimal usage of land and minimization of transportation costs through infrastructural development.

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Section: Empirical Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach

Opondo¹,

Dannenberg²,

Willkomm³

2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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show abstract

“…But it is one thing to use a broad range of indicators, and quite another thing to link them together into a coherent framework that is consistent with theory. The composite indicators that result from the scoreboards are often arbitrary in the way they link the individual indicators together (Grupp and Mogee 2004).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial hierarchy of technological change and economic development in Europe

Verspagen

2009

Ann Reg Sci

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This paper discusses the possibility of a spatial hierarchy of innovation and growth dynamics in Europe. A spatial hierarchy is understood as a geographical clustering of regions, where important differences exist in terms of innovation and growth dynamics between the clusters. The literature on regional growth and innovation is briefly scanned. After this, a database on European regional growth and innovation dynamics is presented. Spatial correlation analysis and spatial principal components analysis are used to explore the possibility of a spatial hierarchy in Europe. The results point to a hierarchy consisting of four groups: South Europe, East Europe, and two groups in West and North Europe. Growth and innovation performance in these clusters are discussed, and some policy conclusions are drawn. JEL Classification O33 · R3

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“…Patent and patent applications can also be used to investigate technological change and the relationship between technological development and economic growth (Abraham and Moitra, 2001;Coombs et al, 1996;Gans and Hayes, 2005;Grupp and Mogee, 2004;Pouris, 2006). A number of studies use patents and patent applications to assess the level of technological development in a particular sector, and the interdependence between industrial sectors and technology (Abraham and Moitra, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Industry work experience and inventive capacity of South African academic researchers

Lubango

Pouris

2007

Technovation

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The inventive capacity of South African universities and researchers is investigated through analysis of university patent applications. Patent applications to the South African Patent office from 1996 to 2006 are used as an indicator of inventive capacity.The investigation determines, for the first time, patenting activities of local universities at the South African Patent Office for the past 10 years and it identifies the performance of faculties and departments. We suggest that patent analysis of local patent offices in developing countries provides a more comprehensive picture of inventive activity than the analyses in the main patent offices in USA and Europe.The assertion that industrial experience affects the inventiveness of academic staff is also investigated. The study finds that most inventors or co-inventors held at least one position in industry, or in some cases, specialized parastatals (non-university institutions) prior to patent application. The study supports the idea that experience and the professional trajectory of scientists through migration from industry to university leads to an increase of researchers' scientific and technical human capital which is convertible into high performance or inventive capacity. We argue that this linkage is valid equally in developed and developing countries (like South Africa) and that universities internationally wishing to improve their entrepreneurial character should aim to employ academic with industrial prior experience.

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Indicators for national science and technology policy: how robust are composite indicators?

Cited by 184 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach

Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach

The spatial hierarchy of technological change and economic development in Europe

Industry work experience and inventive capacity of South African academic researchers

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