Indirect sulphate aerosol forcing in a climate model with an interactive sulphur cycle

Jones, Andy; Roberts, David L.; Woodage, Margaret J.; Johnson, C. E.

doi:10.1029/2000jd000089

Cited by 251 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The coarse configuration uses monthly mean distributions of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice cover (SIC), derived for the present-day (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) from transient coupled atmosphere-ocean simulations (Jones et al, 2001) of the HadGEM2-ES model . Using a simple linear re-gridding algorithm, the SST and SIC climatologies developed for the coarse configuration were downscaled to the finer configuration.…”

Section: Model Description and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boundary layer mixing for both configurations is based on Lock et al (2000) and includes an explicit entrainment parameterisation and non-local mixing in unstable layers. The GA3.0/GL3.0 configuration of HadGEM3 (Walters et al, 2011) also includes an interactive aerosol scheme called CLASSIC (Coupled Large-scale Aerosol Simulator for Studies in Climate; Jones et al, 2001;Bellouin et al, 2011) from which PM 2.5 concentrations are estimated. CLASSIC simulates ammonium sulphate and nitrate, fossil-fuel organic carbon (FFOC), mineral dust, soot and biomass burning (BB) aerosol interactively.…”

Section: Model Description and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of model spatial resolution on simulated ozone and fine particulate matter for Europe: implications for health impact assessments

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We examine the impact of model horizontal resolution on simulated concentrations of surface ozone (O 3 ) and particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM 2.5 ), and the associated health impacts over Europe, using the HadGEM3-UKCA chemistry-climate model to simulate pollutant concentrations at a coarse (∼ 140 km) and a finer (∼ 50 km) resolution. The attributable fraction (AF) of total mortality due to long-term exposure to warm season daily maximum 8 h running mean (MDA8) O 3 and annual-average PM 2.5 concentrations is then calculated for each European country using pollutant concentrations simulated at each resolution. Our results highlight a seasonal variation in simulated O 3 and PM 2.5 differences between the two model resolutions in Europe. Compared to the finer resolution results, simulated European O 3 concentrations at the coarse resolution are higher on average in winter and spring (∼ 10 and ∼ 6 %, respectively). In contrast, simulated O 3 concentrations at the coarse resolution are lower in summer and autumn (∼ −1 and ∼ −4 %, respectively). These differences may be partly explained by differences in nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentrations simulated at the two resolutions. Compared to O 3 , we find the opposite seasonality in simulated PM 2.5 differences between the two resolutions. In winter and spring, simulated PM 2.5 concentrations are lower at the coarse compared to the finer resolution (∼ −8 and ∼ −6 %, respectively) but higher in summer and autumn (∼ 29 and ∼ 8 %, respectively). Simulated PM 2.5 values are also mostly related to differences in convective rainfall between the two resolutions for all seasons. These differences between the two resolutions exhibit clear spatial patterns for both pollutants that vary by season, and exert a strong influence on country to country variations in estimated AF for the two resolutions. Warm season MDA8 O 3 levels are higher in most of southern Europe, but lower in areas of northern and eastern Europe when simulated at the coarse resolution compared to the finer resolution. Annual-average PM 2.5 concentrations are higher across most of northern and eastern Europe but lower over parts of southwest Europe at the coarse compared to the finer resolution. Across Europe, differences in the AF associated with long-term exposure to population-weighted MDA8 O 3 range between −0.9 and +2.6 % (largest positive differences in southern Europe), while differences in the AF associated with long-term exposure to populationweighted annual mean PM 2.5 range from −4.7 to +2.8 % (largest positive differences in eastern Europe) of the total mortality. Therefore this study, with its unique focus on Europe, demonstrates that health impact assessments calculated using modelled pollutant concentrations, are sensitive to a change in model resolution by up to ∼ ±5 % of the total mortality across Europe.

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Section: Model Description and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Description and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of model spatial resolution on simulated ozone and fine particulate matter for Europe: implications for health impact assessments

et al. 2018

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“…The semidirect effect, whereby aerosol absorption tends to change cloud formation by warming the aerosol layer, is included implicitly. The parameterization of the indirect effects is described in detail by Jones et al (2001). The CDNC is calculated from the number concentration of the accumulation and dissolved modes of hygroscopic aerosols.…”

Section: Model and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferred response of the East Asian summer monsoon to local and non-local anthropogenic sulphur dioxide emissions

et al. 2015

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emissions, the large scale pattern of changes in land-sea thermal contrast, atmospheric circulation and local precipitation over East Asia from days 40 onward exhibits similar structures, indicating a preferred response, and suggesting that emissions from both regions likely contributed to the observed weakening of the EASM. Cooling and drying of the troposphere over Asia, together with warming and moistening over the WNP, reduces the land-sea thermal contrast between the Asian continent and surrounding oceans. This leads to high sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies over Asia and low SLP anomalies over the WNP, associated with a weakened EASM. In response to emissions from both regions warming and moistening over the WNP plays an important role and determines the time scale of the response.

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“…One approach is to use empirical relationships between the aerosol number or mass and the number of droplets [e.g., Jones et al, 2001;Menon et al, 2002]. One extension to this approach is to take additionally vertical velocity into account and solve a prognostic equation for the number of cloud droplets [Lohmann et al, 2007].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subarctic atmospheric aerosol composition: 3. Measured and modeled properties of cloud condensation nuclei

et al. 2010

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[1] Aerosol particles can modify cloud properties by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Predicting CCN properties is still a challenge and not properly incorporated in current climate models. Atmospheric particle number size distributions, hygroscopic growth factors, and polydisperse CCN number concentrations were measured at the remote subarctic Stordalen mire, 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in northern Sweden. The CCN number concentration was highly variable, largely driven by variations in the total number of sufficiently large particles, though the variability of chemical composition was increasingly important for decreasing supersaturation. The hygroscopicity of particles measured by a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) was in agreement with large critical diameters observed for CCN activation (k % 0.07 -0.21 for D = 50 -200 nm). Size distribution and time-and size-resolved HTDMA data were used to predict CCN number concentrations. Agreement of predictions with measured CCN within ±11% was achieved using parameterized Köhler theory and assuming a surface tension of pure water. The sensitivity of CCN predictions to various simplifying assumptions was further explored: We found that (1) ignoring particle mixing state did not affect CCN predictions, (2) averaging the HTDMA data in time with retaining the size dependence did not introduce a substantial bias, while individual predictions became more uncertain, and (3) predictions involving the hygroscopicity parameter recommended in literature for continental sites (k % 0.3 ± 0.1) resulted in a significant prediction bias. Future modeling studies should therefore at least aim at using averaged, size-resolved, site-specific hygroscopicity or chemical composition data for predictions of CCN number concentrations.Citation: Kammermann, L

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Indirect sulphate aerosol forcing in a climate model with an interactive sulphur cycle

Abstract: Abstract.The

Cited by 251 publications

References 69 publications

The influence of model spatial resolution on simulated ozone and fine particulate matter for Europe: implications for health impact assessments

The influence of model spatial resolution on simulated ozone and fine particulate matter for Europe: implications for health impact assessments

Preferred response of the East Asian summer monsoon to local and non-local anthropogenic sulphur dioxide emissions

Subarctic atmospheric aerosol composition: 3. Measured and modeled properties of cloud condensation nuclei

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