Indirect voltammetric determination of thiomersal in influenza vaccine using photo-degradation and graphene quantum dots modified glassy carbon electrode

Pedrozo-Peñafiel, Marlin J.; Miranda-Andrades, Jarol R.; Gutiérrez-Beleño, Luis M.; Larrudé, Dunieskys G.; Aucélio, Ricardo Q.

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120938

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Also, it can cause a permanent injury . Previous studies reported that the pathological changes in the center of trauma were caused by vasogenic edema. ,− In the present work, vitamin C has an ameliorative effect on reducing neurotoxicity in the cerebellum induced by thiomersal by increasing the levels of antioxidants and decreasing the levels of expression of MT-1, MT-2, and MT-3. Also, it decreases the apoptotic cells in both hepatic and brain cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…30,31 THIM was dismantled from the vaccine's use in developed countries due to its adverse effects, while it is still used in lowand middle-income countries. 32 THIM causes various neurotoxic alterations in microglia and astrocytes. A previous report has shown that THIM concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 10 μM can cause cell death in cultured human cortical neurons.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lead, mercury, and antimony levels were higher in the gills than in the liver and the other two tissues (muscle and blood) . THIM increase in apoptotic cells in the prefrontal cortex of premature rats leads to impairment of learning. , THIM was dismantled from the vaccine’s use in developed countries due to its adverse effects, while it is still used in low- and middle-income countries . THIM causes various neurotoxic alterations in microglia and astrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Vitamin C’s Protective Effect against Thimerosal-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Albino Rats: An In Vivo and Computational Study

Hassan,

Mohsen,

Rezk

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Vitamin C was examined to ameliorate the neurotoxicity of thimerosal (THIM) in an animal model (Wistar albino rats). In our work, oxidative and antioxidative biomarkers such as SOD, LPO, and GSH were investigated at various doses of THIM with or without concurrent vitamin C administration. Furthermore, the adverse effects of THIM on hepatic tissue and cerebral cortex morphology were examined in the absence or presence of associated vitamin C administration. Also, we studied the effect of vitamin C on the metallothionein isoforms (MT-1, MT-2, and MT-3) in silico and in vivo using the RT-PCR assay. The results showed that the antioxidant biomarker was reduced as the THIM dose was raised and vice versa. THIM-associated vitamin C reduced the adverse effects of the THIM dose. The computation studies demonstrated that vitamin C has a lower ΔG of −4.9 kcal/mol compared to −4.1 kcal/mol for THIM to bind to the MT-2 protein, which demonstrated that vitamin C has a greater ability to bind with MT-2 than THIM. This is due to multiple hydrogen bonds that exist between vitamin C and MT-2 residues Lys31, Gln23, Cys24, and Cys29, and the sodium ion represents key stabilizing interactions. Hydrogen bonds involve electrostatic interactions between hydrogen atom donors (e.g., hydroxyl groups) and acceptors (e.g., carbonyl oxygens). The distances between heavy atoms are typically 2.5−3.5 Å. H-bonds provide directed, highaffinity interactions to anchor the ligand to the binding site. The five H-bonds formed by vitamin C allow it to form a stable complex with MT, while THIM can form two H-bonds with Gln23 and Cys24. This provides less stabilization in the binding pocket, contributing to the lower affinity compared to vitamin C. The histopathological morphologies in hepatic tissue displayed an expansion in the portal tract and the hepatocytes surrounding the portal tract, including apoptosis, binucleation, and karyomegaly. The histopathological morphologies in the brain tissue revealed a significant decrease in the number of Purkinje cells due to THIM toxicity. Interestingly, THIM toxicity was associated with hemorrhage and astrogliosis. Both intracellular and vasogenic edema appeared as the concentrations of THIM rose. Finally, vitamin C ameliorated the adverse effect on the cerebral cortex in Wistar albino rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Vitamin C’s Protective Effect against Thimerosal-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Albino Rats: An In Vivo and Computational Study

Hassan,

Mohsen,

Rezk

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…The nanocomposite demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic performance due to its enhanced ability to capture visible light, longer lifetime of photogenerated carrier, faster interfacial charge transport rate and longer electron transport distance. In addition to improving the catalytic performance for the solar photolysis of water, GQDs can also perform photocatalytic hydrolysis of certain pollutants [521][522][523][524]. Dejpasand et al [490] prepared nitrogen-doped GQDs with a broad absorption spectrum and down-conversion effect.…”

Section: Energy Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene quantum dots: preparations, properties, functionalizations and applications

Tian,

Tang,

Teng

et al. 2024

Mater. Futures

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Due to its zero-dimensional property, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) has quantum confinement effect on the internal charge, so they show many properties different from the parent two-dimensional graphene, such as strong fluorescence, non-zero band gap and easily soluble in solvents. As a member of the family of carbon materials, GQDs also has biocompatibility and low toxicity, which is one of the reasons why GQDs can be widely used in the biomedical field .The edge effect of GQDs is also particularly important. By modifying the edge of GQDs, the performance of GQDs can be regulated. A lot of preparation technology of GQDs, probably can be divided into three categories, and top-down, bottom-up and chemical method, chemical method is different from other literature classification, mainly considering the certain of the preparation of GQDs way, not directly to block materials or direct synthesis of small molecule materials for GQDs, but through intermediate in chemical means under the action of changes and form GQDs. The detailed introduction of the optical, electrical, thermal and magnetic properties of GQDs is the premise of the performance regulation of GQDs. In addition to inheriting the excellent properties of graphene, GQDs also expand the properties of the parent material. The functionalization of GQDs mainly includes the doping technology of introducing heteroatom and the composite technology of combining with other substances to improve the performance of other substances. The performance of these functionalized products is also discussed. The original and functionalized properties of GQDs are based on the application of GQDs. In recent years, GQDs has been used in many fields, including optics, electricity, optoelectronics, biomedicine, energy, agriculture and some emerging interdisciplinary fields. Through the introduction and discussion of the recent research achievements of GQDs, this review mainly highlights the huge potential value of GQDs and puts forward the direction of the development of GQDs in the future.

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Nanoscale Vaccines: Design, Delivery, and Applications

Omidi

Pourseif

Omidian

et al. 2021

Nanoengineering of Biomaterials

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Indirect voltammetric determination of thiomersal in influenza vaccine using photo-degradation and graphene quantum dots modified glassy carbon electrode

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Enhancement of Vitamin C’s Protective Effect against Thimerosal-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Albino Rats: An In Vivo and Computational Study

Enhancement of Vitamin C’s Protective Effect against Thimerosal-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Albino Rats: An In Vivo and Computational Study

Graphene quantum dots: preparations, properties, functionalizations and applications

Nanoscale Vaccines: Design, Delivery, and Applications

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