Individual and Combined Effects of ApoE and MTHFR 677C/T Polymorphisms on Cognitive Performance in Spanish Adolescents: The AVENA Study

Ruiz, Jonatan R.; Castillo, Ruth; Labayen, Idoia; Moreno, Luís A.; Fuentes, Miguel García; Lamuño, Domingo González; Granda, Jesús Lino Álvarez; Lucı́a, Alejandro; Ortega, Francisco B.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.018

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…This group found that ε4 carriers exhibited better performance on delayed (episodic), but not on immediate, (working) memory tasks. In contrast, no significant differences were identified in cognitive performance in an index of educational ability in Spanish adolescents (Ruiz et al, 2010). Volume decrements in the hippocampus, a structure important for spatial memory, were documented in ε4, relative to ε2, young adults although no significant differences in intellectual function were observed (Alexopoulos et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Compared to the ε3 allele, the ε4 allele is associated with poor performance in neurocognitive domains, particularly in delayed episodic memory (De Blasi et al, 2009), and increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (Laws, Hone, Gandy, & Martins, 2003). The effects of ε4 on spatial and non-spatial memory have been extensively studied among the elderly (Berteau-Pavy et al, 2007; Reiman et al, 1996) and, to a lesser extent, child populations (Ruiz et al, 2010; Taylor et al, 2011). Berteau-Pavy et al, assessed cognitive function in non-demented elderly individuals and found that non-ε4 carriers consistently outperformed ε4 carriers on a spatial memory task (Memory Island) but not on other neurocognitive tests, including facial recognition or spatial span.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex, but not Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism, Differences in Spatial Performance in Young Adults

et al. 2015

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The purpose of this study was to examine how sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype contribute to individual differences in spatial learning and memory. The associations of APOE genotype with neurocognitive function have been well studied among the elderly but less is known at earlier ages. Young adults (n = 169, 88 females) completed three neurocognitive tasks: Mental Rotation, Spatial Span, and Memory Island, a spatial navigation test. Males outperformed females on all three tasks: finding the hidden targets more quickly on Memory Island (Cohen's d = 0.62) and obtaining higher scores on Mental Rotation (d = 0.54) and Spatial Span (d = 0.37). In contrast, no significant effects of APOE were observed. The identified sex differences elaborate upon past literature documenting sexually dimorphic performance on specific neurobehavioral tasks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, but not Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism, Differences in Spatial Performance in Young Adults

et al. 2015

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“…Possibly the advantage for e4 + may emerge under challenge or perhaps fatigue, but is not specific to selective domains tested in any testing session. Consistent with this interpretation, advantages are usually not detected by studies which use general cognitive ability measures (Ruiz et al, 2010;Turic et al, 2001) or large standard test batteries (Bunce et al, 2011;Jorm et al, 2007). Tuminello and Han (2011) also suggest interactive effects between APOE status and other genetic and environmental risk factors (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

APOE e4 polymorphism in young adults is associated with improved attention and indexed by distinct neural signatures

et al. 2013

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“…Here, evidence has emerged that healthy young adults and children carrying the ɛ4 allele may in fact exhibit better cognitive performance relative to non-ɛ4 carriers (e.g., Acevedo, Piper, Craytor, Benice, & Raber, 2010;Alexander et al, 2007;Bloss, Delis, Salmon, & Bondi, 2010;Marchant, King, Tabet, & Rusted, 2010;Mondadori et al, 2007;Puttonen, Elovainio, Kivimaki, Lehtimaki, & Keltikangas-Jarvinen, 2003;Schultz et al, 2008;Wright et al, 2003;Yu, Lin, Chen, Hong, & Tsai, 2000). Equally though, there are studies which did not find differences in cognitive performance between young ɛ4 and non-ɛ4 carriers (e.g., Deary et al, 2003;Jorm et al, 2007;Luciano et al, 2009;Richter-Schmidinger et al, 2011;Ruiz et al, 2010;Taylor et al, in press;Turic, Fisher, Plomin, & Owen, 2001). In fact, there is also evidence that children and adolescents carrying the ɛ4 allele show poorer cognitive performance (e.g., Bloss, Delis, Salmon, & Bondi, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

APOE ε4 and cognitive function in early life: A meta-analysis.

Ihle¹,

Bunce²,

Kliegel³

2012

Neuropsychology

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Introduction. It is well established that the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in old age. By contrast, several studies have demonstrated cognitive benefits in young ε4 carriers. It is therefore possible that the ε4 allele exhibits a pleiotropic association with cognition across the lifespan where ε4-related benefits in youth reverse in later life to become risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia in later life. To date though, there has been no broad quantitative review of work assessing APOE-cognition associations in children, adolescents and young adults.Methods. Based on 20 studies investigating cognitive performance in ε4 carrying young persons and their non-ε4 counterparts, a meta-analytic study was conducted to examine APOE ε 4-related differences in cognitive performance. Additionally, we assessed whether the level of executive demands affected the strength of association between the ε4 allele and cognitive measure.Results. In all analyses, estimated APOE ε4 related population effect sizes did not reliably differ from zero. Furthermore, the level of executive demands of the task did not affect this finding. Conclusion.We found no APOE ε4-related cognitive benefits in young adults, adolescents, and children and findings were not moderated by the level of executive demands in a cognitive task. Given the current empirical evidence therefore, suggestions that APOE ε4 exhibits a pleiotropic association with cognition across the lifespan should be treated with caution.Key words: Apolipoprotein E; APOE; cognition; cognitive performance; executive processes; young adults; adolescence; childhood; meta-analysis 3 Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a protein that plays an important role in cholesterol transportation (for reviews of the mechanisms and functions of APOE in the nervous system, see Czyzewski, Pfeffer, & Barcikowska, 1998; Harris et al., 2003;Lahiri, Sambamurti, & Bennett, 2004;Mahley, 1988;Menzel, Kladetzky, & Assmann, 1983;Rocchi, Pellegrini, Siciliano, & Murri, 2003;Rubinsztein, 1995). The gene coding for APOE is located on chromosome 19 and has three alleles, ɛ2, ɛ3, and ɛ4.APOE ɛ4 is well established as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD: Corder et al., 1993; Saunders et al, 1993), where persons possessing the ɛ4 allele have a three to four times higher risk for developing AD (see also Farrer et al., 1997, for a meta-analysis on effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between APOE genotype and AD).Moreover, various studies have found that APOE ɛ4 is strongly associated with cognitive decline among persons who have been diagnosed with AD (e.g., Hirono, Hashimoto, Yasuda, Kazui, & Mori, 2003;Marra et al., 2004;Martins, Oulhaj, De Jager, & Williams, 2005;Plassman & Breitner, 1996). In addition, more than a decade of research has also demonstrated deficits in various cognitive domains in non-demented ɛ4 carriers in comparison with non-ɛ4 carriers in middle and old adulthood (e.g., Berr et al., 1996;Cantu, ...

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Individual and Combined Effects of ApoE and MTHFR 677C/T Polymorphisms on Cognitive Performance in Spanish Adolescents: The AVENA Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Sex, but not Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism, Differences in Spatial Performance in Young Adults

Sex, but not Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism, Differences in Spatial Performance in Young Adults

APOE e4 polymorphism in young adults is associated with improved attention and indexed by distinct neural signatures

APOE ε4 and cognitive function in early life: A meta-analysis.

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