Individual and environmental risk factors for dengue and chikungunya seropositivity in North-Eastern Tanzania

Abstract

Background: Dengue and chikungunya are mosquito-borne viral diseases of major global health concern. In Tanzania, information on risk factors for dengue and chikungunya is limited. We investigated individual, household, socioeconomic , demographic and environmental risk factors for dengue and chikungunya seropositivity. Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken which included a total of 1003 participants from NorthEastern Tanzania, to determine the sero-prevalence of dengue and chikungunya and to investigate associated risk factors. Logistic regression models were used to determine the risk factors for dengue and chikungunya seropositivity. Results: Environmental factors such as living in a house with uncovered containers within the compound had higher odds of being chikungunya IgM seropositive (OR Z 2.89; 95% CI: 1.76 e4.76). Also, participants who kept hoofed animals in their home and who lived in a house

Retrospective cross-sectional observational study on the epidemiological profile of dengue cases in Pernambuco state, Brazil, between 2015 and 2017

“…Among the intermediate regions of Pernambuco, Recife and Caruaru had the highest number of cases and the highest dengue incidence per 100 thousand inhabitants; a scenario possibly influenced by environmental factors, mainly climatic conditions, which strongly modulate the population of vector mosquitoes [15,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The Pernambuco state, however, located in the tropical region of Brazil, precisely between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer, is marked by constant temperatures, as evidenced by our temperature analysis of the four intermediate regions over the 3 years.…”

“…In relation to environmental factors, uncontrolled urbanization and climatic conditions, such as temperature and rainfall, capable of influencing the population of vector mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, are some of the elements that contribute to the incidence of dengue [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Interestingly, the association between climatic factors and mosquito-borne infectious diseases, such as dengue and Zika, has also been demonstrated through information extracted from newspapers [27,28].…”

Epidemiological and Entomological Investigation of Chikungunya Fever Outbreak, in Serdang Bedagai District, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia, 2013

“…When there is a chikungunya case it can increase risk of chikungunya to other members of the household (7,8,23). It has been previously noted that there is an increased risk of chikungunya in other member of the household (24). All chikungunya fever cases should sleep under bed nets during the viremic phase to limit the spread of infection (9).…”

“…Prevention and control relies primarily on preventing the mosquitoes from breeding. This activity needs unrelenting contribution from the whole of affected communities (4,24). High numbers of disposable water containers has been shown to be a risk in other chikungunya outbreaks in another countries and in Indonesia as well, as it increases breeding sites for Aedes (6,12,16,25,(29)(30)(31)(32).…”

Environmental Factors Increase Incidence of Dengue Fever in South Sulawesi

“…Pencegahan ini dapat dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kebiasaan keluarga seperti pengelolaan air bersih, dan pengelolaan sampah, untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya kasus demam berdarah. Memahami faktor risiko infeksi sangat penting untuk menargetkan intervensi kontrol (Kajeguka, 2017).…”