Individual Differences in the Phenotypic Flexibility of Basal Metabolic Rate in Siberian Hamsters Are Consistent on Short- and Long-Term Timescales

Boratyński, Jan S.; Jefimow, Małgorzata; Wojciechowski, Michał S.

doi:10.1086/689870

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…developmental plasticity) can generate variation among individuals (Arnqvist et al 2010, Latimer et al 2011. Moreover, these determinants are likely to involve changes in biological traits of individuals such as body mass, which is generally responsible for a large amount of the variation in cellular metabolic activities (Boratynski et al 2017). Here, we found that the repeatability of the metabolic expression level (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Moreover, body mass variation among individuals may play an important role in the evolutionary response to warming as larger individuals have higher metabolic expression level (i.e. intercept) than smaller ones (Boratynski et al 2017). We may thus predict a positive selection for small individuals having a lower expression level and 'slow type' individuals being less sensitive to warming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Réveillon

Rota

Chauvet

et al. 2019

Oikos

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Assessing whether trait variations among individuals are consistent over time and among environmental conditions is crucial to understand evolutionary responses to new selective pressures such as climate change. According to the universal thermal dependence hypothesis, thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate should not vary strongly and consistently among organisms, implying limited evolutionary response for metabolic traits under climate change. However, this hypothesis has been rarely tested at an individual level, leaving a gap in our understanding of climate change impacts on metabolic responses and their potential evolution. Using the amphipod Gammarus fossarum, we investigated the variability and repeatability of individual metabolic thermal reaction norms over time. We found large variations in both the thermal sensitivity (i.e. slope) and expression level (i.e. intercept) of individual metabolic reaction norms. Moreover, differences among individuals were consistent over time, and therefore repeatable. Inter‐individual variations in body mass resulted in a high repeatability of metabolic expression level but had no significant effect on the repeatability of thermal sensitivity. Overall, our results highlight that inter‐individual variability and repeatability of thermal reaction norms can be substantial. We conclude that these consistent differences among individuals should not be overlooked when apprehending the ecological and evolutionary effects of climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Réveillon

Rota

Chauvet

et al. 2019

Oikos

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“…Thus, thyroid hormones could enable adaptive physiological responses to environmental and seasonal change. Here, we refer to any physiological adjustment of an organism in response to an environmental stimulus resulting in the improved ability of that organism to cope with its changing environment as physiological adaptation (Boratynski et al, 2017;Brinkmann et al, 2014;Rymer et al, 2016). However, physiological adaptation is also often called acclimatization (Noakes et al, 2017;Petit et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Both thyroid hormone levels and resting metabolic rate decrease in African striped mice when food availability decreases

Rimbach

Pillay

Schradin

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In response to variation in food availability and ambient temperature (T a ), many animals show seasonal adaptations in their physiology. Laboratory studies showed that thyroid hormones are involved in the regulation of metabolism, and their regulatory function is especially important when the energy balance of an individual is compromised. However, little is known about the relationship between thyroid hormones and metabolism in free-living animals and animals inhabiting seasonal environments. Here, we studied seasonal changes in triiodothyronine (T 3 ) levels, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and two physiological markers of energy balance (blood glucose and ketone bodies) in 61 free-living African striped mice (Rhabdomys pumilio) that live in an semi-arid environment with food shortage during the dry season. We predicted a positive relationship between T 3 levels and RMR. Further, we predicted higher T 3 levels, blood glucose levels and RMR, but lower ketone body concentrations, during the moist season when food availability is high compared with summer when food availability is low. RMR and T 3 levels were negatively related in the moist season but not in the dry season. Both RMR and T 3 levels were higher in the moist than in the dry season, and T 3 levels increased with increasing food availability. In the dry season, blood glucose levels were lower but ketone body concentrations were higher, indicating a change in substrate use. Seasonal adjustments in RMR and T 3 levels permit a reduction of energy expenditure when food is scarce, and reflect an adaptive response to reduced food availability in the dry season.

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“…Here we suggest that plasticity of thermal performance curves is an ancestral trait that has been maintained in endotherms to buffer physiological reaction rates from variation in core body or tissue temperatures. Note that there is an important distinction between acclimation of metabolic rates to increase heat production in response to cold environmental temperatures (e.g., Boratyński et al, 2017 ; Noakes et al, 2017 ), and the plasticity of performance curves we are suggesting (Figure 1A ). The former serves to maintain body temperatures in variable climates, and the latter optimizes reaction rates when tissue temperatures change despite adjustments of metabolic heat production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Plasticity of Performance Curves Can Buffer Reaction Rates from Body Temperature Variation in Active Endotherms

Seebacher

Little

2017

Front. Physiol.

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Endotherms regulate their core body temperature by adjusting metabolic heat production and insulation. Endothermic body temperatures are therefore relatively stable compared to external temperatures. The thermal sensitivity of biochemical reaction rates is thought to have co-evolved with body temperature regulation so that optimal reaction rates occur at the regulated body temperature. However, recent data show that core body temperatures even of non-torpid endotherms fluctuate considerably. Additionally, peripheral temperatures can be considerably lower and more variable than core body temperatures. Here we discuss whether published data support the hypothesis that thermal performance curves of physiological reaction rates are plastic so that performance is maintained despite variable body temperatures within active (non-torpid) endotherms, and we explore mechanisms that confer plasticity. There is evidence that thermal performance curves in tissues that experience thermal fluctuations can be plastic, although this question remains relatively unexplored for endotherms. Mechanisms that alter thermal responses locally at the tissue level include transient potential receptor ion channels (TRPV and TRPM) and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) both of which can influence metabolism and energy expenditure. Additionally, the thermal sensitivity of processes that cause post-transcriptional RNA degradation can promote the relative expression of cold-responsive genes. Endotherms can respond to environmental fluctuations similarly to ectotherms, and thermal plasticity complements core body temperature regulation to increase whole-organism performance. Thermal plasticity is ancestral to endothermic thermoregulation, but it has not lost its selective advantage so that modern endotherms are a physiological composite of ancestral ectothermic and derived endothermic traits.

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Individual Differences in the Phenotypic Flexibility of Basal Metabolic Rate in Siberian Hamsters Are Consistent on Short- and Long-Term Timescales

Cited by 25 publications

References 76 publications

Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Repeatable inter‐individual variation in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate

Both thyroid hormone levels and resting metabolic rate decrease in African striped mice when food availability decreases

Plasticity of Performance Curves Can Buffer Reaction Rates from Body Temperature Variation in Active Endotherms

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