Indoor Location Position Based on Bluetooth Signal Strength

Abstract

nowadays many systems with diverse technologies such as (GPS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Ultra Wide Band, Ultrasounds, Infrared, etc...) can be used for indoor location. One of the biggest challenges in indoor location systems is to determine the actual indoor position of the user using a smart device (Phone, PC, etc...), due to their instability, cost, high-power consumption, low accuracy and low precision. To overcome those problems, we have designed, implemented and emulated an indoor location system based on RSSI (Receive Signal Strength indicator) of the Bluetooth low energy 4.0 (BLE). BLE 4.0 technology is more advantageous in terms of long life expectancy; our approach is based on the deployment of equidistant nodes on the ceiling. The nodes are programmed to broadcast a periodic beacon at a timepace of 400ms and then to enter sleep mode. When a smart device enters within the broadcasting range, it locates the three access points (nodes) with the highest signal strength. This information can be calculated using one of the several localization algorithms (Trilateration) .The proposed Trilateration algorithm can be easily implemented in the hardware due to its low complexity; the method can be successful even when using a few numbers of nodes. In average the system has about 0.5 ~ 1 meters of error.

A State-of-the-Art Survey of Indoor Positioning and Navigation Systems and Technologies

“…However, the studies of Feldmann, Kyamakya, Zapater, and Lue (2003), Bekkelien (2012), Rida et al (2015) and Kriz et al (2016) showed that position computation also occurs in the mobile device, thus improving user privacy. In this case, the Bluetooth sensors communicate with the server that stores the position information of the sensors, but the server does not compute position.…”

“…In this case, the Bluetooth sensors communicate with the server that stores the position information of the sensors, but the server does not compute position. The application in the mobile device requests the position information from the Bluetooth sensors before computing the position of the device with the information (Rida et al, 2015;Kriz et al, 2016;Bekkelien, 2012). In addition, the sensors are placed within the environment in such a way as to make their operation optimal.…”

“…Gomez et al (2012), Y. Wang et al (2013), Rida, Liu, Jadi, Algawhari, and Askourih (2015) and Zhuang, Yang, Li, Qi, and El-Sheimy (2016), among other researchers, have used mobile WPAN that utilise the RSS feature in a couple of implementations that include positioning. Bluetooth-based positioning system is a system that locate and track objects and people inside a building by providing real-time position information of radio and mobile phone users using fixed Bluetooth sensors connected to a LAN (Y.…”

An algorithm for three-dimensional indoor positioning based on Bayesian inference, Fingerprinting method and Wi-Fi technology

“…It is used to connect wireless devices within a short distance, such as: Cellular phones, TV's, notebooks and stereos. For more detailed discussions on the application of this technology to the problem in question, see [17], [18], [19], [20] and [21].…”

A Weighted K-AP Query Method for RSSI Based Indoor Positioning

“…Nowadays the LBS has several ways to deal with the Indoor Positioning Service(IPS), such as Bluetooth [2], IR (Infrared Radiation) [3], RF (Radiation Frequency) [3], ultrasound [4] and UWB (Ultra-Wide Bandwidth) [5]. Several of them rely on electromagnetic wave, nevertheless, the electromagnetic wave spreading can be influenced by multipath effect.…”