Indoor PM2.5 Characteristics and CO Concentration Related to Water-Based and Oil-Based Cooking Emissions Using a Gas Stove

Abstract

Pollutant emissions from indoor cooking activities using clean fuels such as natural gas or LPG are strongly influenced by cooking ingredients and cooking methods. In this study, we explore the characterization of indoor fine particles (PM 2.5 ) and CO that are produced by two distinctive cooking methods: frying and boiling. This characterization includes quantifying the presence of fine particles in a kitchen as well as in the adjoining room, analyzing size-segregated carbonaceous materials (EC and OC), and identifying variations in CO associated with the cooking method. Four monitoring devices-a UCB particle monitor, an optical particle counter, a cascade impactor, and a CO monitor-were simultaneously used to measure temporal variations in mass concentrations of fine particles (PM 2.5 ), particle number concentrations, their size distributions, and CO concentrations in the two rooms, respectively. EC and OC analyses of the particles collected on a quartz filter by cascade impactor were conducted using the thermal optical method. Frying produced higher emissions of fine particles with a wider range of aerodynamic sizes than boiling. Particle spatial distribution was uniform across the rooms during boiling, because emissions were dominated by very fine particle size. It was observed that particle mass size distributions with cut size ≤ 0.25 µm were predominant in all cooking methods. CO concentration was lowest in tofu boiling and about one-tenth of the stove background level. This is possibly due to the absorption of CO by steam cooking.

Quantification of Indoor Air Pollution from Using Cookstoves and Estimation of Its Health Effects on Adult Women in Northwest Bangladesh

“…PM concentrations rise and fall sharply while concentrations of CO show a gradual increase and decrease around the peaks of CO. Depending on the cooking method, PM emissions can vary significantly (Huboyo et al, 2011). Ezzati et al (2000) also observed this trend of sharper fluctuations of PM 10 with respect to CO in Kenya, explaining his wide range of correlation (r 2 = 0.14 -0.91) between the two parameters.…”

Trace metals in size-fractionated particulate matter in a Portuguese hospital: exposure risks assessment and comparisons with other countries

“…There is growing public awareness regarding health risks associated with poor indoor air quality (Huboyo et al 2011;Hulin et al 2012; World Health Organization (WHO) 2010). Because people spend majority of their time indoors (Klepeis et al 2001), they are at greater risk of adverse health effects from chronic exposures to indoor air pollutants (Bernstein et al 2008).…”

Airborne Crocidolite Asbestos Fibers in Indoor and Outdoor Air in a Rural Area, China

“…Many studies have been conducted to investigate airborne particulate matter and metals in workplaces, urban and rural area (Begum et al, 2010;Shen et al, 2010;Choosong et al, 2010;Huboyo et al, 2011;Ny and Lee, 2011;Tsai et al, 2011). However, investigations into airborne asbestos concentrations in rural areas containing natural asbestos outcrops are rare.…”