Induced sputum in interstitial lung diseases

Fireman, Elizabeth; Lerman, Yehuda

doi:10.1097/01.mcp.0000239547.62949.82

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The main reason for this was that induced sputum could not be obtained in 50% of HP patients who underwent SIC. This limited yield is similar to the performance reported by other authors using this technique in patients with interstitial lung disease …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Similar features have been observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis and scleroderma . This may be because BAL provides information on the distal airway and alveolar spaces, which are rich in macrophages, whereas induced sputum gives evidence of the state of the upper and middle airway, which presents abundant neutrophils . Furthermore, in FHP patients, the significant increase in IL‐8, IL12‐p70 and IL‐1β as compared with BHP could explain the greater increase in neutrophils observed following exposure to fungi.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Bronchial inflammation in hypersensitivity pneumonitis after antigen‐specific inhalation challenge

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Bronchial inflammation in hypersensitivity pneumonitis after antigen‐specific inhalation challenge

et al. 2014

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“…For this reason, IS is currently considered as a noninvasive tool useful for the detection of airway inflammation in some respiratory diseases, in particular asthma [22]. It has also been suggested that IS might integrate BAL in the diagnosis of ILD when there are contraindications to perform BAL [23]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Sputum in Systemic Sclerosis Interstitial Lung Disease: Comparison to Healthy Controls and Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Damjanov

Ostojić²,

Kaloudi³

et al. 2008

Respiration

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Background: Induced sputum (IS) is a noninvasive tool, which can be used to collect cellular and soluble materials from lung airways. Objective: To evaluate if IS may be a useful and safe tool for the detection of airway inflammation in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods: Sixty-eight patients with SSc and ILD as well as 18 healthy individuals (controls) were selected and submitted to IS examination. In 34 of 68 patients with SSc, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was also performed. Safety of IS was assessed by comparison of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), FEV₁/forced vital capacity ratio and peak expiratory flow before and after the IS procedure. Cell composition in samples collected by BAL and IS was correlated, and IS total and differential cell count in SSc patients and controls were compared. Results: The total number of cells was significantly higher in IS samples of SSc patients compared to those of healthy controls. Mean percentage of neutrophils was also higher in SSc patients (41.79 ± 23.89 vs. 27.37 ± 17.90), as well as lymphocytes (17.42 ± 19.70 vs. 3.13 ± 2.28) and eosinophils (2.35 ± 4.43 vs. 0.41 ± 0.46). On the other hand, mean percentage of macrophages was higher in healthy individuals (69.10 ± 19.15 vs. 36.96 ± 20.68). In fluid recovered by BAL, the most frequent cells were macrophages (67.89% ± 17.26), while neutrophils (14.77 ± 17.18%) and lymphocytes (15.62 ± 13.46%) were less frequent and eosinophils (1.66 ± 2.08%) were rare. A similar pattern of cell composition was found in IS samples (41.15 ± 21.67% of macrophages, 39.72 ± 23.15% of neutrophils, 15.28 ± 19.46% of lymphocytes and 2.56 ± 5.03% of eosinophils). Strength of correlation between BAL and IS was significant for macrophages and neutrophils. After IS procedure was performed, improvement of FEV₁ (mean value before IS was 85.09 ± 14.44 and 88.93 ± 16.40 after IS) and FEV₁/forced vital capacity (mean value before IS was 98.53 ± 12.11 and 105.22 ± 10.78 after IS) was observed. Conclusion: The IS method may allow a noninvasive assessment of cell composition in airway fluid and may contribute to the better understanding of upper/medium airway inflammation in SSc. Future studies are needed to verify whether IS can replace invasive procedures for the detection and monitoring of lung inflammation in SSc.

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“…In this procedure, patients are stimulated by inhalation of hypertonic saline solution, and attempts are made to expectorate airway secretions non-invasively. IS has been used for studies of sarcoidosis, asthma, and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Here, we aimed to determine whether IS can be used for the diagnostic work-up as well as for monitoring ILD caused by systemic sclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced sputum as a method for detection of systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease

Yılmaz

Abul²,

Bıçakçıgil

et al. 2011

Rheumatol Int

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Inducted sputum (IS) is a non-invasive procedure that can be used for collection of airway secretions. The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of IS for detection of airway inflammation in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Bronchoalveolar lavage and IS were performed to 20 patients with SSc. Eighteen patients who were referred to pulmonary medicine for bronchoalveolar lavage due to other reasons were also recruited for cell counts comparisons. Spirometry, echocardiography and thorax CT (HRCT) imaging were also performed to all patients. Mean macrophage and lymphocyte counts were found to be increased in IS of SSc patients compared with that of control (58.4 ± 14.5% vs. 31.3 ± 16.3%, 30.2 ± 15.4% vs. 15.0 ± 11.5% P < 0.001), whereas mean neutrophil count was lower in the SSc patients (4.1 ± 4.5% vs. 17.2 ± 13.1%, P < 0.05). Significant correlations were noted between BAL and IS findings for macrophage (r = 0.55, P = 0.02) lymphocyte (r = 0.65, P < 0.01) and total cell counts (r = 0.45, P = 0.06). IS is an easy and reliable method for the detection of alveolitis and can be used for early detection of lung involvement in scleroderma.

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Induced sputum in interstitial lung diseases

Abstract: We suggest integrating induced sputum technology to the well-established criteria for the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases, especially when there are clinical contraindications for performing bronchoscopy or when tissue confirmation is absent for any reason.

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Bronchial inflammation in hypersensitivity pneumonitis after antigen‐specific inhalation challenge

Bronchial inflammation in hypersensitivity pneumonitis after antigen‐specific inhalation challenge

Induced Sputum in Systemic Sclerosis Interstitial Lung Disease: Comparison to Healthy Controls and Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Induced sputum as a method for detection of systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease

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