Inducement of Ketotic Symptoms in Lactating Cows by Reducing Their Plane of Nutrition

Fisher, L. J.; Erfle, J. D.; Sauer, Frank

doi:10.4141/cjas71-021

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition to the well-documented ketonaemia and hypoglycaemia the condition is also marked by heavy fatty infiltration of the liver (Schultz, 1968(Schultz, , 1971Bergman, 1971) and changes in the lipid and fatty acid composition of milk (Luick & Smith, 1963;) and blood plasma (McCarthy et al, 1968a,b;Yamdagni & Schultz, 1970;. Responses are similar during decreased energy intake or complete starvation in sheep (Ford, 1962;Patterson, 1966;Leat & Ford, 1966;Jackson & Winkler, 1970;Mann, 1972), cows (Luick & Smith, 1963;Kinsella & Butler, 1970;Fisher et al, 1971) and goats (Annison et al, 1968;Yamdagni & Schultz, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Brumby¹,

Anderson²,

Tuckley³

et al. 1975

Biochemical Journal

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1. Concentrations and compositions of liver, serum and milk lipids of cows were measured during 6 days' starvation and serum lipids during 60 days' re-feeding. 2. The concentration of free fatty acid in serum increased fivefold during starvation. 3. The content of total lipid in liver (g/100g of liver dry matter) doubled owing to a 20-fold increase in triglyceride, an eightfold increase in cholesterol ester, a three fold increase in free fatty acid and a 20% increase in cholesterol. There were no changes in the content or composition of liver phospholipids. 4. Starvation lowered the concentrations of total lipid, phospholipid and cholesterol ester of dextran sulphate-precipitable serum lipoproteins. Total lipid and cholesterol ester concentrations in lipoproteins of d greater than 1.055 and in lipoproteins not precipitable by dextran sulphate decreased from day 4 of the starvation period and during the first 20 days' re-feeding. 5. During starvation there were decreases in percentages of stearic acid and increases in oleic acid in serum free fatty acids and triglycerides and in liver neutral lipid. 6. Throughout starvation total milk lipid yield decreased, yields and percentages of C4-14 fatty acids decreased and percentages of C18 fatty acids increased. 7. It is suggested that accumulation of triglyceride in liver may be caused by increased uptake of plasma free fatty acids without corresponding increase in lipoprotein secretion.

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confidence: 99%

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Brumby¹,

Anderson²,

Tuckley³

et al. 1975

Biochemical Journal

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“…Consistently with the well-covered energy requirement, the ketone body concentrations were low and no signs of clinical ketosis appeared. FISHER et al (1971) reported no clinical signs until an energy deficit of at least 30 MJ per day lasted for four days or more.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Energy Balance on Plasma Glucose and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Milk and Influence of Hyperketonaemia on Milk Production of Postparturient Dairy Cows³

Andersson

Lundström

1984

Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A

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Summary The relationship between energy balance, plasma glucose and ketone bodies in blood and milk was investigated during the first eight weeks after calving in 41 clinically healthy Swedish Red and White cows. Ketone bodies in blood and milk and plasma glucose were measured once a week. The mean daily energy intake, milk yield and energy balance during a week were evaluated in relation to ketone bodies and plasma glucose. The least‐squares mean for milk yield reached its peak value in the fourth week of lactation. The energy balance was negative in the first week of lactation and then positive. The energy balance during a week was significantly correlated to plasma glucose and milk acetone plus acetoacetate on the last day of the week. Blood acetone plus acetoacetate, plasma β‐hydroxybutyrate and milk acetone on the first day of a week were significantly correlated to the milk yield during the succeeding week. It is concluded that plasma glucose and milk acetone plus acetoacetate monitor the energy status during the post partum period of dairy cows. It is also suggested that increased concentrations of ketone bodies may cause decreased milk yield in clinically healthy cows. Zusammenfassung Auswirkungen der Energiebilanz auf Plasmaglukose und Ketonkörper in Blut und Milch und Einfluß der Hyperketonämie auf die Milchleistung von postpartalen Milchkühen Während der ersten 8 Wochen post partum wurde bei 41 klinisch gesunden Schwedischen Rotbunten Kühen der Einfluß der Energiebilanz auf die Plasmaglukose und die Ketonkörper in Blut und Milch untersucht. Die Ketonkörper wurden wöchentlich einmal bestimmt. Die durchschnittliche tägliche Energieaufnahme, die Milchleistung und die Energiebilanz während einer Woche wurden beurteilt in Beziehung zu den Ketonkörpern und der Plasmaglukose. Die least‐square Mittelwerte für die Milchleistung erreichten die Gipfelwerte in der vierten Laktationswoche. Die Energiebilanz war in der ersten Laktationswoche negativ und nachher positiv. Die Energiebilanz im Verlaufe einer Woche korrelierte signifikant mit der Plasmaglukose sowie dem Gehalt an Aceton und Acetoacetat in der Milch am letzten Tag der Woche. Die Konzentrationen von Blutaceton und ‐acetoacetat, Plasma‐β‐hydroxybutyrat und Milchaceton am ersten Tag einer Woche korrelierten signifikant mit der Milchleistung während der folgenden Woche. Es wird geschlossen, daß Plasmaglukose und Aceton plus Acetoacetat in der Milch die Energieversorgung der postpartalen Milchkuh widerspiegeln. Es wird ferner angenommen, daß erhöhte Ketonkörperkonzentrationen zu einer Abnahme der Milchleistung bei klinisch gesunden Kühen führen können. Résumé Effet du bilan énergétique sur le glucose du plasma et les corps cétoniques dans le sang et le lait, et influence de l'hypercétonémie sur la production lactée des vaches laitières aprés le vêlage L'influence du bilan énergétique sur le glucose du plasma et les corps cétoniques dans le sang et le lait a été examinée chez 41 vaches tachetées rouges suédoises, cliniquement saines, durant les huit premières ...

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“…Estas enfermedades, que cursan con cuadros clínicos caracterizados por una disminución del consumo de materia seca, exacerban el balance energético negativo, caracterizado por el aumento de Agnes y cuerpos cetónicos [77][78][79] . Así, las vacas con retención de placenta, metritis puerperal (descarga vulvar con mal olor, MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA ≤15 días postparto, con fiebre u otros signos sistémicos) o incluso metritis crónica (descarga vulvar >15 días sin signos sistémicos), mastitis clínica (inflamación de glándula mamaria y leche de apariencia anormal) o mastitis tóxica (leche visiblemente anormal y signos clínicos sistémicos), consumen 2,9; 3,3; 5,3; 5,8 y 12,4 kg/ día menos de materia seca, respectivamente en comparación con vacas sanas 80 .…”

Section: Factores De Riesgounclassified

Epidemiología de la cetosis en bovinos: una revisión

Audor

Espinosa

2018

Ces. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Artículo de revisión Epidemiology of bovine ketosis: a review AbstractKetosis is a metabolic disease that occurs during early-lactation in dairy cattle, it is related to negative energy balance, characterized by increased levels of circulating ketones bodies. The epidemiology of the disease has been widely described in several countries around the world, with a prevalence ranging from 4% to 52% and an incidence between 4.9% and 72%, with a peak incidence during the fourth week postpartum in cows between the second and seventh lactation. This condition has an important impact on dairy farms profitability due to increased risk of concomitant diseases, decreased milk yield, poor reproductive performance and early culling. To reduce the disease incidence, it is necessary to perform an early diagnosis and treatment, in addition to recognizing the associated risk factors, the proper nutritional management during the transition period and treatment of periparturient diseases, among others.Keywords: β-Hydroxybutyrate, dairy cattle, incidence, ketosis, prevalence. ResumenLa cetosis es una enfermedad metabólica asociada al balance energético negativo que sufren las vacas dedicadas a la producción láctea al inicio de la lactancia y se caracteriza por un aumento en la concentración de cuerpos cetónicos circulantes. La epidemiologia de la enfermedad ha sido ampliamente descrita en diversos países alrededor del mundo, contando con una variación en la prevalencia entre el 4% hasta el 52% y en la incidencia entre 4,9% hasta 72%, con pico de incidencia a la cuarta semana posparto en las vacas entre segunda y séptima lactancia. Esta entidad tiene una repercusión importante sobre la rentabilidad de los hatos lecheros, por los costos asociados a enfermedades concomitantes, disminución de la producción láctea, bajo desempeño reproductivo y descartes tempranos. Para disminuir la incidencia de la enfermedad en los hatos, es necesario realizar el diagnósti-co y el tratamiento oportuno, además de reconocer los factores de riesgo asociados a la misma, el manejo adecuado de la dieta durante el periodo de transición y el tratamiento de las enfermedades concomitantes, entre otros.Palabras clave: β-Hidroxibutirato, bovinos, cetosis, incidencia, prevalencia. ResumoA cetose é uma doença metabólica associada ao balanço energético negativo sofrido por vacas dedicadas à produção de leite no início da lactação e

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Inducement of Ketotic Symptoms in Lactating Cows by Reducing Their Plane of Nutrition

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Effect of Energy Balance on Plasma Glucose and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Milk and Influence of Hyperketonaemia on Milk Production of Postparturient Dairy Cows³

Epidemiología de la cetosis en bovinos: una revisión

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Inducement of Ketotic Symptoms in Lactating Cows by Reducing Their Plane of Nutrition

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Lipid metabolism in the cow during starvation-induced ketosis

Effect of Energy Balance on Plasma Glucose and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Milk and Influence of Hyperketonaemia on Milk Production of Postparturient Dairy Cows3

Epidemiología de la cetosis en bovinos: una revisión

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Effect of Energy Balance on Plasma Glucose and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Milk and Influence of Hyperketonaemia on Milk Production of Postparturient Dairy Cows³