Inducible expression of defensins and cathelicidins by nutrients and associated regulatory mechanisms

Chen, Jialuo; Zhai, Zhe; Long, Hongrong; Yang, Guangming; Deng, Baichuan; Deng, Jinping

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170177

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The potential advantages of host defense peptides ( HDP ), also known as antimicrobial peptides ( AMP ), in the development of novel antimicrobials are beyond question ( Hancock and Sahl, 2006 ). The HDP are a critical component of the animal innate immune system with direct antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities ( Kelsy et al., 2018 ; Chen et al., 2020 ). In addition, because the target of HDP are mainly located in the microbial cell membrane, it can induce microbial cell membrane depolarization, resulting in cell rupture and play a role which is not easy to cause microbial resistance ( Moravej et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian host defense cathelicidins: structure, expression, biological functions, and potential therapeutic applications

Wang

Shan

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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Host defense peptides ( HDP ) are multifunctional effectors of the innate immune system, which has antimicrobial and pleiotropic immunomodulatory functions. Although there is a very sophisticated superposition of adaptive immune systems in vertebrates, this system is still essential. As an important family of HDP, cathelicidins are also known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. It has been found in humans and other species, including cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, chickens, rabbits, and some kind of fish. Among them, cathelicidins in birds were described for the first time in 2005. This review focuses on the structure, biological activities, expression, and regulation of avian cathelicidin, especially main effects of host defense cathelicidin on potential therapeutic applications. According to the results obtained both in vitro and in vivo, good perspectives have been opened for cathelicidin. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better characterize the mechanisms of action underlying the beneficial effects of cathelicidin as novel therapeutic alternatives to antibiotics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian host defense cathelicidins: structure, expression, biological functions, and potential therapeutic applications

Wang

Shan

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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“…To solve these problems, several strategies have been proposed: modification of AMPs or creation of new peptides (with a short amino acid sequence) (Pachón-Ibáñez et al, 2017), stimulation of the production of endogenous AMPs by administration of low molecular weight compounds (Chen et al, 2020), implementation of low doses of AMPs to enhance the antimicrobial activity of conventional antibiotics (Zharkova et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of human defensins againstStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli

Bolatchiev

2020

PeerJ

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Background The global problem of antibiotic resistance requires the search for and development of new methods of treatment. One of the promising strategies is the use of low doses of antimicrobial peptides, in particular, human defensins HNP-1, hBD-1, and hBD-3, in combination with antibacterial drugs already used in clinical practice. This approach may be used to increase the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. However, this requires thorough study of the effectiveness of defensins in combination with antibiotics against a large number of bacterial strains with known phenotypes of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this work was to study the antibacterial effect of HNP-1, hBD-1 and hBD-3 in combination with rifampicin or amikacin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (n = 27) and Escherichia coli (n = 24) collected from hospitalized patients. Methods The standard checkerboard assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials. The combined microbicidal effects of two substances (defensin + conventional antibiotic) were assessed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). Results The highest anti-staphylococcal activity (including methicillin-resistant strains) among defensins was demonstrated by hBD-3 that had MIC of 1 (0.5–4) mg/L (hereinafter, MIC values are presented as median and interquartile range). The MIC of HNP-1 against S. aureus was 4 (2–8) mg/L; the MIC of hBD-1 was 8 (4–8) mg/L. Against E. coli, the most effective was also found to be hBD-3 that had MIC of 4 (4–8) mg/L; the MIC of HNP-1 was 12 (4–32) mg/L. The combinations of HNP-1 + rifampicin and hBD-3 + rifampicin demonstrated synergistic effects against S. aureus. Against E. coli, combinations of HNP-1 + amikacin and hBD-3 + amikacin also showed synergy of action.

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“…Another problem with the large-scale use of AMPs is the high cost of their production (Pachón-Ibáñez et al, 2017). To solve these problems, several strategies have been proposed: modification of AMPs or creation of new peptides (with a short amino acid sequence) (Pachón-Ibáñez et al, 2017), stimulation of the production of endogenous AMPs by administration of low molecular weight compounds (Chen et al, 2020), implementation of low doses of AMPs to enhance the antimicrobial activity of conventional antibiotics (Zharkova et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Antibacterial activity of human defensins against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (v0.2)"

Schmitt¹

2020

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Background. The global problem of antibiotic resistance requires the search for and development of new methods of treatment. One of the promising strategies is the use of low doses of antimicrobial peptides, in particular, human defensins HNP-1, hBD-1, and hBD-3, in combination with antibacterial drugs already used in clinical practice. This approach may be used to increase the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. However, this requires thorough study of the effectiveness of defensins in combination with antibiotics against a large number of bacterial strains with known phenotypes of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this work was to study the antibacterial effect of HNP-1, hBD-1 and hBD-3 in combination with rifampicin or amikacin against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (n = 27) and Escherichia coli (n = 24) collected from hospitalized patients. Methods. The standard checkerboard assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials. The combined microbicidal effects of two substances (defensin + conventional antibiotic) were assessed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). Results. The highest anti-staphylococcal activity (including methicillin-resistant strains) among defensins was demonstrated by hBD-3 that had MIC of 1 (0.5-4) mg/L (hereinafter, MIC values are presented as median and interquartile range). The MIC of HNP-1 against S. aureus was 4 (2-8) mg/L; the MIC of hBD-1 was 8 (4-8) mg/L. Against E. coli, the most effective was also found to be hBD-3 that had MIC of 4 (4-8) mg/L; the MIC of HNP-1 was 12 (4-32) mg/L. The combinations of HNP-1 + rifampicin and hBD-3 + rifampicin demonstrated synergistic effects against S. aureus. Against E. coli, combinations of HNP-1 + amikacin and hBD-3 + amikacin also showed synergy of action.

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Inducible expression of defensins and cathelicidins by nutrients and associated regulatory mechanisms

Cited by 28 publications

References 110 publications

Avian host defense cathelicidins: structure, expression, biological functions, and potential therapeutic applications

Avian host defense cathelicidins: structure, expression, biological functions, and potential therapeutic applications

Antibacterial activity of human defensins againstStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli

Peer Review #2 of "Antibacterial activity of human defensins against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (v0.2)"

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