Induction of flowering by DNA demethylation in Perilla frutescens and Silene armeria: Heritability of 5-azacytidine-induced effects and alteration of the DNA methylation state by photoperiodic conditions

Kondo, Hiroshi; Shiraya, Takeshi; Wada, Kaede C.; Takeno, Kiyotoshi

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.01.012

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Overexpression of this microRNA in potato promotes flowering, accelerates tuberization under moderately inductive photoperiods, and triggers tuber formation under long days (Martin et al 2009). These observations and the reported by us in S. ruiz-lealii suggest that miRNA172 activity is conserved at least in these plant species, and the upregulation of miRNA172 induced by the AzaC treatment could be the explanation for the early flower phenotypes reported in several species (Burn et al 1993;Amyot 1999, 2005;Kondo et al 2007Kondo et al , 2010Brown et al 2008;Iwase et al 2010). The participation of epigenetic mechanism regulating this development stage would be important in the microevolutionary process in the section Petota.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In plants, phenotypic changes induced by AzaC have been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana and Thlaspi arvense (Burn et al 1993), Brassica oleracea (King 1995), Linum usitatissimum (flax) (Fieldes and Amyot 1999), Melandrium album (Janoušek et al 1996), Nicotiana tabaccum (Vyskot et al 1995), and Oryza sativa (rice) (Sano et al 1990). Flowering time is the most recurrent and studied change; this process is accelerated in plants treated with AzaC, which flower earlier in time compared with the controls in Linum usitatissimum (Fieldes and Amyot 1999;Fieldes et al 2005;Brown et al 2008), Perilla frutescens (Kondo et al 2010), Pharbitis nil (Kondo et al 2007;Iwase et al 2010), and Silene armeria (Kondo et al 2007(Kondo et al , 2010. In a recent publication, Bossdorf et al (2010) have demonstrated that experimental alteration of DNA methylation with AzaC affects the phenotypic plasticity of ecologically relevant traits in A. thaliana.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in micro RNA expression in a wild tuber-bearing Solanum species induced by 5-Azacytidine treatment

2012

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Phenotypic plasticity is often postulated as a principal characteristic of tuber-bearing wild Solanum species. The hypotheses to explore this observation have been developed based on the presence of genetic variation. In this context, evolutionary changes and adaptation are impossible without genetic variation. However, epigenetic effects, which include DNA methylation and microRNAs expression control, could be another source of phenotypic variation in ecologically relevant traits. To achieve a detailed mechanistic understanding of these processes, it is necessary to separate epigenetic from DNA sequence-based effects and to evaluate their relative importance on phenotypic variability. We explored the potential relevance of epigenetic effects in individuals with the same genotype. For this purpose, a clone of the wild potato Solanum ruiz-lealii, a non-model species in which natural methylation variability has been demonstrated, was selected and its DNA methylation was manipulated applying 5-Azacytidine (AzaC), a demethylating agent. The AzaC treatment induced early flowering and changes in leaf morphology. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we identified four miRNAs up-regulated in the AzaC-treated plants. One of them, miRNA172, could play a role on the early flowering phenotype. In this work, we showed that the treatment with AzaC could provide meaningful results allowing to study both the phenotypic plasticity in tuber-bearing Solanum species and the inter-relation between DNA methylation and miRNA accumulations in a wide range of species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

Changes in micro RNA expression in a wild tuber-bearing Solanum species induced by 5-Azacytidine treatment

2012

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“…In particular, experimental demethylation with DNMTi has contributed to reveal the broad range of plant traits and developmental processes that are regulated through DNA cytosine methylation, because such experiments have been able to, among others, alter sex expression [15], modify growth, leaf traits, flowering time or fruit ripening (e.g., [17,18,21,[41][42][43][44]), and induce dwarfism at maturity [14,17]. The phenotypic consequences of the cell reprogramming associated to genome-wide demethylation, however, are not necessarily the same across species, genetic backgrounds, and cell lines [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In plants, DNMT inhibitors (DNMTi hereafter), mainly 5-azacytidine, 5-aza-2 -deoxycytidine, and zebularine, have proven useful to obtain epimutants with characteristic phenotypes that, at least in some cases, remained stable across multiple generations (e.g., [14][15][16][17][18]). Zebularine is chemically more stable, forms a reversible complex with DNMTs, and exhibits a weaker inhibition activity and cytotoxicity than azacytosine analogs [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Response to Experimental Demethylation at Seed Germination in the Non-Model Herb Erodium cicutarium

et al. 2017

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Experimental alteration of DNA methylation is a suitable tool to infer the relationship between phenotypic and epigenetic variation in plants. A detailed analysis of the genome-wide effect of demethylating agents, such as 5-azacytidine (5azaC), and zebularine is only available for the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, which suggests that 5azaC may have a slightly larger effect. In this study, global methylation estimates obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of 5azaC treatment on leaf and root tissue in Erodium cicutarium (Geraniaceae), which is an annual herb native to Mediterranean Europe that is currently naturalized in all continents, sometimes becoming invasive. We used seeds collected from two natural populations in SE Spain. Root tissue of the second generation (F2) greenhouse-grown seedlings had a significantly lower global cytosine methylation content than leaf tissue (13.0 vs. 17.7% of all cytosines). Leaf tissue consistently decreased methylation after treatment, but the response of root tissue varied according to seed provenance, suggesting that genetic background can mediate the response to experimental demethylation. We also found that both leaf number and leaf length were reduced in treated seedlings supporting a consistent phenotypic effect of the treatment regardless of seedling provenance. These findings suggest that, although the consequences of experimental demethylation may be tissue-and background-specific, this method is effective in altering early seedling development, and can thus be useful in ecological epigenetic studies that are aiming to investigate the links between epigenetic and phenotypic variation in non-model plant species.

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“…Such loci might be involved in a response to these specific environmental factors. An MSAP analysis in Perilla frutescens showed that the DNA methylation state in 21 % of MSAP fragments was altered by photoperiodic conditions (Kondo et al 2010). The exposure of plants to diverse, abnormal temperatures or photoperiods can be a strong stress factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vernalization and photoperiod-related changes in the DNA methylation state in winter and spring rapeseed

et al. 2012

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Vernalization-induced flowering is an effect of the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through DNA methylation and histone modifications. Vernalizationmediated silencing of a floral repressor through histone modifications was shown in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, for Brassica napus L., the mechanism underlying vernalization is unclear, and the roles of DNA methylation and histone modifications have not been established. This study revealed the profiles of changes in the DNA methylation state during vernalization (after 14, 35, 56 days) and the subsequent growth in long-or short-day photoperiods (after 2, 7, 14 days) in the winter and spring rapeseed using TLC and MSAP techniques. TLC analysis showed a significant decrease in the amount of 5-methylcytosine (m 5 C) in genomic DNA in both cultivars at the beginning of vernalization, but upon its termination, the winter rape showed a reduced level of m 5 C contrary to a significantly increased level in the spring rape. MSAP analysis revealed that winter and spring rapeseed differed in the MSAP loci which were demethylated/methylated in the course of the experiment and presented diverse profiles of changes in the methylation state. The winter rape showed permanent demethylations at 69.2 % of MSAP loci in the course of vernalization that were mostly preserved upon its termination. The spring rape showed similar numbers of demethylations and methylations that were mainly transient. The study provides evidence of the role of DNA methylation in vernalization for rapeseed and for the significant prevalence of demethylations at the beginning of vernalization, which is necessary for the transition to reproductive growth.

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Induction of flowering by DNA demethylation in Perilla frutescens and Silene armeria: Heritability of 5-azacytidine-induced effects and alteration of the DNA methylation state by photoperiodic conditions

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Changes in micro RNA expression in a wild tuber-bearing Solanum species induced by 5-Azacytidine treatment

Changes in micro RNA expression in a wild tuber-bearing Solanum species induced by 5-Azacytidine treatment

Tissue-Specific Response to Experimental Demethylation at Seed Germination in the Non-Model Herb Erodium cicutarium

Vernalization and photoperiod-related changes in the DNA methylation state in winter and spring rapeseed

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