Induction of interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-8 mRNA expression in porcine macrophages by lipopolysaccharide from Serpulina hyodysenteriae

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a classic inducer of inflammatory cytokines and is a key virulence factor for most gram-negative pathogens. The effect of phenol-water (LPS) and butanol-water (endotoxin) extracts from Serpulina hyodysenteriae on inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression from porcine alveolar macrophages was investigated. The LPS and endotoxin extracts from S. hyodysenteriae induced a dose-dependent expression of interleukin 1␤ (IL-1␤) and IL-8 which was weak compared with the responses induced by Escherichia coli LPS. In addition, the spirochetal extracts induced no detectable upregulation of mRNA expression for either IL-6 or tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Activation of inflammatory immune gene cascades by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the porcine colonic tissue ex-vivo model

“…In the colonic explants from the weaned piglets, as well as mature pigs, LPS treatment resulted in the up-regulation of a number of genes, including transcription factors (NFKBIA, JUN) driving key inflammatory pathways and proinflammatory cytokines (TNFA, IL6 and IL8). LPS is generally secreted by gram-negative microbes in the intestinal gut and is a potent inducer of the proinflammatory response [25]. The up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes including IL1A, IL6, IL8 and TNFA following treatment of colonic explants with LPS was reported previously [1,3,16].…”

Blood concentrations of the cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma during experimentally induced swine dysentery

“…However, swine dysentery does not in general appear to induce fever and in the present study the only animal with an elevated body temperature was the one with the most severe signs of dysentery. Bacterial LPS and endotoxins are common inducers of IL-1β and when these are extracted from B. hyodysenteriae they have been shown to induce IL-1β in vitro [ 5 , 6 ]. This supports the likelihood that these bacterial compounds contribute to the systemic IL-1β response recorded in the present experimental model.…”

The mononuclear phagocyte system of the pig as a model for understanding human innate immunity and disease

“…There have been numerous studies of pig macrophage responses to activation that largely recapitulate findings from mouse or human systems. Porcine macrophages from various locations treated with LPS increase production of the major proinflammatory cytokine TNF-␣ [152][153][154] and expression of IL-1␤ [149,155,156], IL-6 [157,158], IL-8 [159,160], and IL-12 [155,161]. Useful microarray platforms are in their comparative infancy in pigs (see below) but have already been used in a study of transcriptional responses within the LNs of pigs infected with salmonella [90] and with monocytes infected with African swine fever virus [162].…”