Induction of Motility in Immature Bovine Spermatozoa by Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors and Seminal Plasma

Hoskins, Dale D.; Hall, M. L.; Munsterman, D.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod13.2.168

Cited by 103 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Models produced from ejaculated sperm normally swim without cAMP because they are already "switched on" and this activated state is preserved after demembranation. It was later confirmed that sperm taken from the epididymis exhibited a greater requirement for cAMP to exhibit motility [26,32,[77][78][79]1021 and that cAMP increases in sperm as they mature [2].…”

Section: Regulation Of Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mammalian Sperm Motility

Lindemann

Kanous

1989

Archives of Andrology

124

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The physiological regulation of sperm motility has become more amenable to investigation since the demonstration that CAMP and calcium play a role in modulating the functioning of the flagellar axoneme. Although the external triggering mechanisms that initiate motility and capacitation are still unknown, evidence supports a modification of the calcium balance by gated Ca2+ channels, accompanied by shifts in the internal pH. Ca2' and pH may in turn act indirectly through CAMP and CAMPdependent kinase (kinase,) to control the phosphorylation state of functional proteins in the flagellar axoneme. The role of calcium is of central importance, but it is clear that several separate Ca2+-dependent mechanisms are involved. Ca2+ controls the curvature of the sperm flagellum and, so, can change the motility of the sperm from progressive swimming to tumbling. Under the appropriate conditions, calcium appears to have the capacity to deactivate motility by activating phosphodiesterase and phosphatase. The deactivating effect of Ca2+ may be offset under some circumstances by coactivation of adenyl cyclase, so phosphorylation of the axoneme and the motility are maintained. The specific factors determining the predominant calcium effect are not yet known, but internal pH of the sperm may play a major role.Key Words: Sperm motility; Mammalian sperm; Mammalian reproduction; Flagellum; Calcium; pH. INTRODUCTIONThis review explores the influences regulating motility in mammalian sperm. Sperm motility depends on a flagellum, the organelle that develops the propulsive force for swimming. The cellular signals that modulate the action of the flagellar motor apparatus are the primary focus of this survey. Evidence is also examined to define the role of the male and female reproductive tracts in controlling sperm motility. To facilitate this review, structure/function relationships in mammalian sperm flagellum are briefly discussed. For the most part, the information included in this review has been obtained from research studies on mammalian sperm to identify the regulatory mechanisms most likely to be of physiological importance in mammalian reproduction. Received and accepted January 24, 1989. MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERSMammalian sperm swim by the propulsive action of a single flagellum. The structural foundation of the mammalian sperm flagellum is the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules that extends centrally through its entire length. This microtubule arrangement, called the axoneme, is common to all eukaryotic flagella ( Fig. 1) and also to cilia. Surrounding the axoneme are larger fibers, called coarse fibers or outer dense fibers (ODF), that are paired with the 9 outer doublet tubules. These fibers are anchored to the base of the flagellum in a caplike structure known as the connecting piece (CP). From there they taper in diameter along the flagellar length, terminating one-half to three-quarters of the way down the flagellum. The sperm mitochondria are wrapped around the basal one-third of the flagellum and this section is referred ...

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Section: Regulation Of Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mammalian Sperm Motility

Lindemann

Kanous

1989

Archives of Andrology

124

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“…This glycoprotein seems to be present in the testicular, epididymal and seminal fluids (Hoskins, Hall and Munsterman, 1975 ;Acott et al, 1979). Several ultrastructural investigations have noted an increase in the negative surface charge and in concanavalin-A receptors on the surface of the plasma membrane of spermatozoa passing through the epididymis in the rabbit Bartoszewicz, 1974, 1975 ;F16chon, 1975) and in the rat (Fournier-Delpech, Danzo and Orgebin-Crist, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and initiation of sperm motility in the hamster epididymis

Kann¹,

Serres²

1980

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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“…Initiation of sperm capacitation requires an influx of Ca 2+ from extracellular sources into the cytoplasm of the sperm [11,12,32,34]. An increase in the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration triggers abundant energy production in sperm by increasing cyclic AMP levels [32,34], and HA-movement is induced as a result [1,16,34]. The influx of Ca 2+ into cytoplasm of canine sperm has also been shown to induce an increase in cyclic AMP and active flagellar movement of the tail [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease-Induced Hyperactivation of Canine Spermatozoa Associated with Disappearance of Lectin-Binding Glycoproteins on their Surface

Kawakami

Hirano

Hori

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The relationship between the disappearance of glycoproteins from the surface of canine sperm and sperm capacitation was investigated in vitro. The protease (PR) concentration in flush fluids of the uterine horns and oviducts removed from 6 estrous, 5 diestrous, and 5 anestrous bitches was measured with a protease assay kit. Ejaculated sperm collected from 10 dogs were incubated for 4 hr in Eagle's MEM supplemented with 1 or 5 µg/ml PR, or to which no PR had been added (control). The glycoproteins on the surface of the sperm were stained with 4 different FITC-lectins (Con A, PHA-E, PNA, and WGA), and the percentages of hyperactivated (HA-) sperm and acrosome-reacted (AR-) sperm were evaluated. The mean PR concentration (5.95 µg/ml) in the flush fluid from the oviducts of the estrous bitches was significantly higher than in the fluid from their uterine horns (1.00 µg/ml; P<0.01). The PR concentrations of the flush fluids from the uterine horns and oviducts of both the diestrous and anestrous bitches were less than 0.05 µg/ml. Before incubation the acrosomal regions or entire heads of all sperm clearly stained with each FITC-lectin, but the percentages of sperm binding the 4 FITC-lectins decreased after incubation. The percentages of lectin-binding sperm in the MEM containing 5 µg/ml PR were significantly lower than in the control MEM (P<0.05 and 0.01). The mean percentages of motile sperm and HA-sperm after incubation in the MEM with PR were higher than in the control MEM, but there were no differences in the percentages of AR-sperm. The results indicate that HA-movement of sperm is induced by the disappearance of glycoproteins from the surface of canine sperm as a result of the action of PR in the oviductal fluid of estrous bitches. KEY WORDS: canine, capacitation, glycoprotein, protease, sperm.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(9): 1027-1031, 2004 The surface of the plasma membrane of mammalian sperm is coated with various glycoproteins [13,15,25,39,41], and some of the glycoproteins on the surface of the sperm are thought to be related to sperm maturation in the epididymal duct [15,25,39] and sperm capacitation in the female reproductive tract [10,31,40]. Studies with fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC) -labeled lectins have shown that the glycoproteins secreted by the epithelial cells of the epididymal duct bind to the entire heads or acrosomal regions of the sperm during their transit through the epididymis [3,6,21,27,29] and that the ejaculated sperm are coated with glycoproteins produced by the accessory reproductive glands [5,9]. Some of the glycoproteins on the surface of sperm have been suspected of acting as decapacitation factors [2,10,24,31]. The secretory fluids in the lumen of the female reproductive tract contain various enzymes [9,29], and the concentrations and activities of the enzymes increase in the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle [38]. It has been found that some of the glycoproteins on the surface of the sperm of the rabbit [29] and hamster [38] are degraded and disappear as a result of the ...

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Induction of Motility in Immature Bovine Spermatozoa by Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors and Seminal Plasma

Cited by 103 publications

References 13 publications

Regulation of Mammalian Sperm Motility

Regulation of Mammalian Sperm Motility

Development and initiation of sperm motility in the hamster epididymis

Protease-Induced Hyperactivation of Canine Spermatozoa Associated with Disappearance of Lectin-Binding Glycoproteins on their Surface

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