Induction of phytochelatins and antioxidant defence system in Brassica juncea and Vigna radiata in response to chromium treatments

Abstract

Growth performance, chromium (Cr) accumulation potential and induction of antioxidative defence system and phytochelatins (PCs) were studied in hydroponically grown Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) and Vigna radiata (mungbean) at various levels of Cr treatments (0, 50, 100, 200 lM Cr). B. juncea accumulated twofolds and threefolds higher Cr in root and shoot, respectively than in V. radiata. Compared to B. juncea, V. radiata was found to be particularly sensitive to Cr as observed by the severity and development of Cr toxicity symptoms and decreased growth. Induction of PC and enzymes of antioxidant defence system were monitored as plant's primary and secondary metal detoxifying responses, respectively. There was induction of PC and enzymes of antioxidant defence system in both the plants. PCs were induced significantly in roots and shoot of both the plants at all the levels of Cr treatments. Significantly higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) were observed in shoot of B. juncea than V. radiata at all the levels of Cr treatments. Induction of PCs along with antioxidant defence system in response to Cr stress suggests the cumulative role of PCs and antioxidants in conferring tolerance against accumulated Cr in B. juncea, and thereby signifies the suitability of this plant as one of the potential remediators of Cr.

Growth Response of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Cultivars to Trivalent Chromium Stress

“…Wani et al (2012), also reported that the root of the various plants including cereals was the first organ that was directly exposed to metal in soil and hence was the target of stressor molecules including heavy metals. Diwan et al (2010) used the root growth as an important parameter in classifying heavy metal tolerance. Therefore, tolerance degrees of the cultivars in the germination stage were also evaluated by looking at the length root reduction.…”

Phytotoxicity of Chromium on Germination, Growth and Biochemical Attributes of <i>Hibiscus esculentus</i> L.

“…The root length of Hibiscus esculentus at different chromium treatment 0. A study on stress tolerance suggests that mechanism of tolerance helps plant to maintain growth even in the presence of potentially toxic metal concentrations [43,44] used the root and shoot Open Access AJPS Phytotoxicity of Chromium on Germination, Growth and Biochemical Attributes of Hibiscus esculentus L.…”

Biochemical Changes under Chromium Stress on Germinating Seedlings of <i>Vigna radiata</i>

“…Similar responses of inhibitory activity of Cr on root and shoot length was reported in rice . This reduction could be due to the accumulation of high concentration of Cr in roots and/or a nonexistence of any defined Cr translocation mechanism, thereby enhancing the Cr sequestration in the tissue thus, inhibiting root development (Diwan et al, 2010;Lu et al, 2004).…”