Induction of Systemic Resistance against Cucumber mosaic virus in Arabidopsis thaliana by Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1

Abstract

Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1 is a microbial pesticide that is very effective against various diseases. Our study was undertaken to evaluate T. asperellum SKT-1 for induction of resistance against yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Arabidopsis plants. Disease severity was rated at 2 weeks post inoculation (WPI). CMV titre in Arabidopsis leaves was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 2 WPI. Our results demonstrated that among all Arabidopsis plants treated with barley grain inoculum (BGI) of SKT-1 NahG and npr1 plants showed no significant reduction in disease severity and CMV titre as compared with control plants. In contrast, disease severity and CMV titre were significantly reduced in all Arabidopsis plants treated with culture filtrate (CF) of SKT-1 as compared with control plants. RT-PCR results showed increased expression levels of SA-inducible genes, but not JA/ET-inducible genes, in leaves of BGI treated plants. Moreover, expression levels of SA-and JA/ETinducible genes were increased in leaves of CF treated plants. In conclusion, BGI treatment induced systemic resistance against CMV through SA signaling cascade in Arabidopsis plants. While, treatment with CF of SKT-1 mediated the expression of a majority of the various pathogen related genes, which led to the increased defense mechanism against CMV infection.

A Study on the Biological Control of Fusarium oxysporum Using Trichoderma spp., on Soil and Rockwool Substrates in Controlled Environment

“…In the second trial, the differences between the variants were more clear and in accordance with the previous studies (Elsharkawy et al, 2013). The second set of experiments was original by studying rockwool as a substrate, compared with the results on the conventional soil cultivation.…”

Induced Systemic Resistance in Two Genotypes of <i>Brassica napus</i> (AACC) and <i>Raphanus oleracea</i> (RRCC) by <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>

“…The ability of Trichoderma spp. to induce systemic resistance in dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants has been demonstrated against different pathogens, including the fungus S. sclerotiorum in tomato and cauliflower [18], the bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato [19], the cucumber mosaic virus in A. thaliana [20], and the nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Vigna radiate [21]. The fungus T. viride can induce systemic resistance against Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria spp.…”

Incidence of kernel smut caused by Tilletia barclayana in Egyptian rice cultivars

“…In the present study, an increment in the defenserelated enzymes, that are, POX and PPO and total protein contents was observed in rice cultivars as a result of inoculation with T. barclayana. Among induced defense responses, production and accumulation of pathogensis related proteins are very important (Van Loon et al, 2006;Elsharkawy et al, 2012a, b;Elsharkawy et al, 2013;Hassan et al, 2014). Attempts have been made to exploit these anti-fungal proteins to develop disease resistant transgenic crop plants (Lin et al, 1995;Tabei et al, 1997).…”

“…It was reported that plants defend themselves from the invader pathogens by either their structural barriers or antimicrobial compound which prevent colonization of the tissues. The induced defense responses include hypersensitive responses, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pathogensis-related protein and ion fluxes across the plasma membrane (Zhao et al, 2005;Elsharkawy et al, 2012a, b;Elsharkawy et al, 2013;Hassan et al, 2014).…”