2006
DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-5697-7
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Induction of three-dimensional assembly and increase in apoptosis of human endothelial cells by simulated microgravity: Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor

Abstract: Endothelial cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and are highly sensitive to low gravity conditions. Using a three-dimensional random positioning machine (clinostat) we investigated effects of simulated weightlessness on the human EA.hy926 cell line (4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h) and addressed the impact of exposure to VEGF (10 ng/ml). Simulated microgravity resulted in an increase in extracellular matrix proteins (ECMP) and altered cytoskeletal components such as microtubules (alpha-tubuli… Show more

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Cited by 133 publications
(152 citation statements)
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References 67 publications
(88 reference statements)
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“…2,11,[49][50][51] Only a part of the cells of a monolayer change their growth behavior, when exposed to microgravity, while the other part continues to grow adherently. [52][53][54] However, when exposed to microgravity, both the adherently and the 3D growing cells alter their gene expression patterns. 55 Very often the decrease or increase of the protein content found in a cell population under microgravity is accompanied by a change in the number of cells bearing the respective antigen.…”
Section: Known Mechanisms Involved In Spheroid Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…2,11,[49][50][51] Only a part of the cells of a monolayer change their growth behavior, when exposed to microgravity, while the other part continues to grow adherently. [52][53][54] However, when exposed to microgravity, both the adherently and the 3D growing cells alter their gene expression patterns. 55 Very often the decrease or increase of the protein content found in a cell population under microgravity is accompanied by a change in the number of cells bearing the respective antigen.…”
Section: Known Mechanisms Involved In Spheroid Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While cancer cells mainly assemble to spheres, 52 for example, ECs form tubes 8 and chondrocytes form pieces of cartilage, 54 in vitro like they naturally do in vivo. Although all these cells sense the lack of gravity within seconds, 20,59 it takes at least 12 h until 3D spheroids are observed 52,53 and up to 7 days until constructs like tubes resembling an intima can be recognized floating in a culture flask. 12,60 These observations are not understood yet by far.…”
Section: Known Mechanisms Involved In Spheroid Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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