Industrial odours as environmental stressors: Exposure-annoyance associations and their modification by coping, age and perceived health

Residents' behaviour as a function of cognitive appraisals and affective responses toward a petrochemical industrial complex

“…Axelsson et al (2013), in the context of a petrochemical area, analyse the relation between odours and annoyance/worry and conclude that living in close proximity to petrochemical industries implies a greater annoyance and worry about the possible health effects from the industry. Taylor et al (1997) and Steinheider and Winneke (1993) also analyse and confirm this odourannoyance relationship. Although these studies establish a relationship between cognitive (environmental) appraisals and negative affects considered on a one-dimensional level, we understand that it is reasonable to assume, according to the explanation at the end of the previous paragraph, a relationship between cognitive appraisal and affects in a twodimensional level -positive and negative.…”

Identification of odour sources in an industrial park from resident diaries statistics

“…having the same proportions as the eligible population of age class, gender, category of living area (land use), profession etc. Once-only survey methods supply different results, for example, the global profile of the questioned population by means of factor analyses (Seffelaar et al, 1992), or concentrationeannoyance relations for homogeneous industrial or agricultural sectors (Van Broeck and Van Langenhove, 2000;Miedema et al, 2000), or contextual and individual factors linked with the level of odour annoyance for a given population (Pierrette and Moch, 2009;Radon et al, 2004;Steinheider and Winneke, 1993). The disadvantage of single-shot surveys is that such results cannot be broken down to cover individual events.…”

“…The resulting global annoyance cannot actually be assessed neither by physiological techniques nor by the methods of physical chemistry (VDI, 1993). Socio-economical factors, like the relations between the resident and the different companies, the gender or time spent at the current address influence the odour acceptability (Cavalini et al, 1991;Steinheider and Winneke, 1993;Pierrette and Moch, 2009). It is well known that the absence or presence of background odours may also have a significant effect (Nicell, 2009).…”

Psychological reactions related to chemosensory irritation

“…Perceived annoyance is also affected by cognitive processes. Depending on the individual's coping style to deal with environmental odours (Steinheider and Winneke 1993) the individual's reactions (e.g. self-reported health problems) can differ essentially.…”