Industry 4.0 and the need for talent: a multiple case study of Taiwan's companies

Industry 4.0 in Management Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

“…This confirms that Industry 4.0 will produce a profound change in firms and this change should consider sustainability issues, still understudied in literature. Indeed, the role of top management, leadership style, competences, and skills represents a domain in which more contributions are needed, together with the area of human resource management that is still an understudied topic; in this specific area, however, some studies can be retrieved in the management literature related to Industry 4.0 [41,[82][83][84][85][86].…”

“…Indeed, although this aspect could even be considered secondary, it is of crucial importance for the correct implementation of Industry 4.0 and therefore the expected performance of firms. The retrieved papers focus on new skills required by enterprise personnel to operate in the new technological field [82,84,86], not only staff but also managers [85] and also focus on the important motivation of the staff involved [41,83]. Obviously, given the imprinting of the authors' proposed definition (see Section 4) which puts strategy at the very core of the Industry 4.0 definition, the different mind-set, orientation, openness and skills of top management are crucial and surely deserve more attention in literature.…”

Human resources management 4.0: Literature review and trends

“…In addition, it is important to address topics such as reskilling and upskilling for the digital economy (Maisiri et al, 2019;Thun et al, 2019), which prepare people to take on more complex and advanced tasks (Cagliano et al, 2019). The importance of people in these systems is owing to their ability to adapt to the environment, flexibility, and variability of behavior, which are qualities not possessed by machines (Chang & Yeh, 2018;Meske & Junglas, 2020), enabling them to manage the complexity of productive systems.…”

“…Despite previous discussions about the adaptation of people to new productive systems and the need for reskilling, there remains little consensus in literature with respect to the consequences of the application of digital technologies, in terms of determining whether there will be more job creation or extinction (Ana et al, 2019;Bejaković & Mrnjavac, 2020;. Some studies indicate that digital technologies are not mature enough to replace human knowledge but are needed mainly for maintenance work, troubleshooting, and adjusting equipment parameters (Chang & Yeh, 2018). One study reports that Industry 4.0 has the potential for job loss and human replacement by technological innovation (Ana et al, 2019).…”

“…The Learning and Training group seeks to discuss issues related to learning and training, whether in the workplace or educational institutions. Training programs will require adaptation to the transformation of job profiles (Tirabeni et al, 2019), not only in the activities performed, but also in increasing competencies among workers (Chang & Yeh, 2018;Shamim et al, 2017;Stachová et al, 2019) to ensure that they effectively use digital technologies (Molino et al, 2020).…”