Infant and Neonatal Mortality for Primary Cesarean and Vaginal Births to Women with “No Indicated Risk,” United States, 1998–2001 Birth Cohorts

MacDorman, Marian F.; Declercq, Eugene; Menacker, Fay; Malloy, Michael H.

doi:10.1111/j.1523-536x.2006.00102.x

Cited by 185 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In contrast, a study conducted at USA revealed that neonatal mortality rates were higher among infants delivered by cesarean section (1.77 per 1,000 live births) than for those delivered vaginally (0.62). 11 In their study they have considered infant mortality unlike ours for which results might be different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of neonatal death in sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital

Mishra

Panda

2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: In view of clusters of death in Sick New Born Care Units of tertiary care hospitals in recent past and few studies done so far in this field necessitates a research. The aim of the present study was to assess the factors associated with neonatal mortality and the infrastructure of the SNCU.Methods: All sick neonates admitted in the SNCU during June and July 2017 were followed up till they were discharged or declared dead. Data were collected by facility observation, interview of parents/attendants and from patient case sheet with a predesigned a pretested questionnaire and were analyzed applying appropriate statistical methods.Results: Prevalence neonatal death was 12 per cent among 250 sick neonates studied. Majority of neonatal deaths occurred among mothers having lower SE Status 25 (27.4), antenatal visits less than 4 times (22, 22%), undernourished neonates (24, 37.5%) all of which were significant. Majority of morbidity were of Prematurity, (110, 44%) followed by Birth Asphyxia (96, 38.4%) and Infections (35.2%) and leading cause of death was infection. There was a deficit of resources from 25% to 75% and no monitoring and supervision were done till date.Conclusions: Health care delivery system at block level and below needs to be strengthened in terms of antenatal visits, improvement of nutritional status of mother. The resource constraint of SNCU at tertiary care hospital and surveillance and monitoring mechanism requires prompt action to make SNCU more effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of neonatal death in sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital

Mishra

Panda

2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…7,10,32,40,42,47,50,53,58,59,62,75,77,85,86,89,94,96,97,109,116,117,125,127,135,137 In contrast, however, the incidence of birth asphyxia, trauma, and meconium aspiration is lower, and these advantages of elective cesarean delivery have been reviewed elsewhere in this issue of Clinics.…”

Section: Respiratory Morbidity In Infants Delivered By Cesarean Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Elective Cesarean Section: Its Impact on Neonatal Respiratory Outcome

Ramachandrappa¹,

Jain²

2008

Clinics in Perinatology

158

108

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The transition from a fluid filled lung to one filled with air in a very short period of time is one of the biggest challenges a newborn faces after birth. Respiratory morbidity as a result of failure to clear fetal lung fluid is not uncommon, and can be particularly problematic in some infants delivered by elective cesarean section (ECS) without being exposed to labor. The increasing rates of cesarean deliveries in the United States and worldwide, have the potential for a significant impact on public health and health care costs due to the morbidity associated with this subgroup. Whereas the occurrence of birth asphyxia, trauma, and meconium aspiration is reduced by elective cesarean delivery, the risk of respiratory distress secondary to transient tachypnea of the newborn, surfactant deficiency, and pulmonary hypertension is increased. It is clear that physiologic events in the last few weeks of pregnancy coupled with the onset of spontaneous labor are accompanied by changes in the hormonal milieu of the fetus and its mother, resulting in preparation of the fetus for neonatal transition. Rapid clearance of fetal lung fluid is a key part of these changes, and is mediated in large part by transepithelial sodium reabsorption through amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in the alveolar epithelial cells, with only a limited contribution from mechanical factors and Starling forces. In this chapter we discuss the respiratory morbidity associated with ECS, the physiologic mechanisms underlying fetal lung fluid absorption and potential strategies for facilitating neonatal transition when infants are delivered by ECS before the onset of spontaneous labor. The changing landscape for human deliveriesCesarean births rose for an tenth straight year in 2006 to a record 31.1% of all deliveries in the United States; this rate is more than 50% higher than in 1996 and is accompanied by a significant drop in the number of women attempting vaginal birth after a previous cesarean delivery (VBAC). 56 ( Fig. 1) Most of the overall increase can be attributed to the increase in the primary cesarean rates, from 14.6% in 1996 to 20.3% in 2005. This rise in the primary cesarean rate coupled with the decrease in the VBAC rate (7.9% in 2005) means that women who have a primary cesarean section have a greater than 90% chance of having a repeat cesarean section, further increasing the overall cesarean rate in the future. 90 Among the many reasons cited for this increase are older women giving birth, multiple gestations from fertility treatments, as well as the concerns of physicians and mothers about the risks of vaginal birth. Cesarean births in low risk or "no risk" mothers where no medical indication can be identified are on the rise and are often referred to as Cesarean Delivery at Maternal Request (CDMR).Address for Correspondence and Reprints: Lucky Jain, MD, MBA, Professor of Pediatrics & Executive Vice Chairman, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta GA 30322, ljain@emory.edu, 404-727-1471. Coauthor...

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“…These high rates of cesarean section are of concern because the indiscriminate use of this procedure may put the health of mothers and newborns at risk. 7,12,19 Consequently, international organizations, like the World Heath Organization (WHO), the Ministry of Health and researchers have proposed strategies for reducing these rates in Brazil, such as requiring a second opinion in the case of a medical indication for a cesarean section. 1 Moreover, the incidence of this type of birth has been monitored by the Ministry of Health.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatores associados à realização de cesariana em hospitais brasileiros

Pádua

Osis²,

Faúndes³

et al. 2010

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of cesarean sections in Brazilian hospitals. METHODS: RESULTS:The prevalence ratio of cesarean sections was significantly higher among older women, who were married/living with a partner and with higher body mass index. The following conditions during pregnancy or birth were associated with higher cesarean section prevalence ratio: parturient being diagnosed as HIV-positive, heavier weight and greater head circumference of the newborn, and more prenatal consultations. In regression analysis, the following variables showed direct association with the outcome: parturient being older and with higher schooling level, presence of hypertension/ eclampsia, chronic condition or some other medical condition, newborn's greater head circumference, being primiparous, having had a cesarean in the last pregnancy and having received an epidural block or rachidian analgesic during labor. Although the proportion of cesareans was higher in hospitals with a high complexity index, the difference was not statistically significant, as well as for other characteristics of hospitals. CONCLUSIONS:The conditions of the pregnancy, newborn and the sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics of the parturient were independently associated with cesarean delivery. The hospital complexity index was not associated with cesarean delivery, probably due to the homogeneity of the hospital sample.

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Infant and Neonatal Mortality for Primary Cesarean and Vaginal Births to Women with “No Indicated Risk,” United States, 1998–2001 Birth Cohorts

Cited by 185 publications

References 23 publications

Status of neonatal death in sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital

Status of neonatal death in sick newborn care unit of a tertiary care hospital

Elective Cesarean Section: Its Impact on Neonatal Respiratory Outcome

Fatores associados à realização de cesariana em hospitais brasileiros

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