Infant milk-feeding practices and diagnosed celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease in offspring: a systematic review

Abstract

Background During the Pregnancy and Birth to 24 Months Project, the USDA and US Department of Health and Human Services initiated an evidence review on diet and health in these populations. Objective The aim of these systematic reviews was to examine the relationships of never versus ever feeding human milk, shorter versus longer durations of any and exclusive human milk feeding, and feeding a lower versus a higher intensity of human milk to mixed-fed infants with diagnosed celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods The Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review team (formerly called the Nutrition Evidence Library) conducted systematic reviews with external experts. We searched CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed for articles published January, 1980 to March, 2016, dual-screened the results using predetermined criteria, extracted data from and assessed risk of bias for each included study, qualitatively synthesized the evidence, developed conclusion statements, and graded the strength of the evidence. Results We included 9 celiac disease and 17 IBD articles. Limited case-control evidence suggests never versus ever being fed human milk is associated with higher risk of celiac disease, but concerns about reverse causality precluded a conclusion about the relationship of shorter versus longer durations of any human milk feeding with celiac disease. Evidence examining never versus ever feeding human milk and IBD was inconclusive, and limited, but consistent, case-control evidence suggests that, among infants fed human milk, shorter versus longer durations of any human milk feeding are associated with higher risk of IBD. For both outcomes, evidence examining the duration of exclusive human milk feeding was scant and no articles examined the intensity of human milk fed to mixed-fed infants. Conclusion Limited case-control evidence suggests that feeding human milk for short durations or not at all associates with higher risk of diagnosed IBD and celiac disease, respectively. The small number of studies and concern about reverse causality and recall bias prevent stronger conclusions.

Different Clinical Features of Celiac Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Adults; a Cross-sectional Study

“…3,14 In addition to gluten and genetics, other potential risk factors for CD such as types of infant milk consumption, mode of delivery, smoking, age at gluten intake, and early life exposure to infection have also been investigated. [19][20][21][22][23] In our study, the type of milk consumption during infancy did not show a significant association with GI and non-GI manifestations (table 6). Although some studies have suggested that breastfeeding has protective effects on CD, others do not support these protective effects.…”

“…Although some studies have suggested that breastfeeding has protective effects on CD, others do not support these protective effects. 19,20,22 A case-control study on milk powder consumption during the first two years of life in genetically susceptible children for CD showed that milk powder intake was not associated with CD in Swedish children. 24 Another case-control research found that CD was not Niknam et al statistically associated with the duration of breastfeeding, but was associated with skim milk consumption.…”

Development of Early-Life Gastrointestinal Microbiota in the Presence of Antibiotics Alters the Severity of Acute DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice

“…The mode of delivery, breastfeeding, the environment, and the use of antibiotics in early life can affect GI microbiota development, and these factors occur mostly in perinatal and neonatal periods ( 9 ). Most of these factors have been recognized as potential triggers for IBD, nevertheless, related researches have focused mainly on the postnatal growth period ( 10 – 12 ). The early-life period includes the pregnancy period and the first 2 years of life, which can be classified into three stages: perinatal, lactation, and postweaning nutrition period.…”

Complementary Feeding: Recommendations for the Introduction of Allergenic Foods and Gluten in the Preterm Infant

“…Breastfeeding had no preventive effect on the development of CDA or CD during childhood according to the systematic review by Szajewska [ 67 ]. Only limited case-control evidence suggests that breastfeeding for short durations or not at all is associated with a higher risk of a diagnosis of IBD and celiac disease, respectively [ 76 ].…”