Infant sex, obstetric risk factors, and 2‐year neurodevelopmental outcome among preterm infants

Spinillo, Arsenio; Montanari, Laura; Gardella, Barbara; Roccio, Marianna; Stronati, Mauro; Fazzi, Elisa

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03273.x

Cited by 62 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…36,37 These findings are similar to DQ advantages reported for girls in other risk samples, 38 and to overall IQ population advantages for girls at 3 years. 36 Within the HR group, siblings from multiplex families exhibited substantially lower verbal and nonverbal functioning than siblings from simplex families, an effect that did not differ by infant sex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age

Messinger

Young

Ozonoff

et al. 2013

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

249

233

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Objective First-degree relatives of persons with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for ASD-related characteristics. As little is known about the early expression of these characteristics, this study characterizes the non-ASD outcomes of 3-year-old high-risk (HR) siblings of children with ASD. Method Two groups of children without ASD participated: 507 HR siblings and 324 low-risk (LR) control subjects (no known relatives with ASD). Children were enrolled at a mean age of 8 months, and outcomes were assessed at 3 years. Outcome measures were Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) calibrated severity scores, and Mullen Verbal and Non-Verbal Developmental Quotients (DQ). Results At 3 years, HR siblings without an ASD outcome exhibited higher mean ADOS severity scores and lower verbal and non-verbal DQs than LR controls. HR siblings were over-represented (21% HR versus 7% LR) in latent classes characterized by elevated ADOS severity and/or low to low-average DQs. The remaining HR siblings without ASD outcomes (79%) belonged to classes in which they were not differentially represented with respect to LR siblings. Conclusions Having removed a previously identified 18.7% of HR siblings with ASD outcomes from all analyses, HR siblings nevertheless exhibited higher mean levels of ASD severity and lower levels of developmental functioning than LR children. However, the latent class membership of four-fifths of the HR siblings was not significantly different from that of LR control subjects. One-fifth of HR siblings belonged to classes characterized by higher ASD severity and/or lower levels of developmental functioning. This empirically derived characterization of an early-emerging pattern of difficulties in a minority of 3-year-old HR siblings suggests the importance of developmental surveillance and early intervention for these children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age

Messinger

Young

Ozonoff

et al. 2013

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

249

233

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“…The fact that gender differences exist as regards certain (neuro)developmental outcomes is consistent with the literature [35]. There are, indeed, a growing number of works in favour of a greater vulnerability of males exposed to prenatal and perinatal adversities [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of a Home-Based Family-Centred Early Habilitation Program on Neurobehavioural Outcomes of Very Preterm Born Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2016

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Preterm children have an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments which include psychomotor and language retardation. The objectives of the present retrospective cohort study were to examine the effects of an individually adapted, home-based, and family-centred early developmental habilitation program on neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes of very preterm children compared with a standard follow-up at 2 years' corrected age. Enrolled infants were retrospectively assigned to the intervention group (61 subjects) or to the control group (62 subjects) depending on whether they had or had not carried out a home-based family-centred early developmental habilitation program focused on environmental enrichment, parent-guided environmental interaction, and infant development. Developmental outcome was assessed for both groups at 24 months' corrected age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2nd Edition. Intervention significantly improved both cognitive and behavioural outcomes. In addition, males had significantly lower scores than females either before or after treatment. However, the treatment was effective in both genders to the same extent. In conclusion, a timely updated environment suitable to the infant's developmental needs could provide the best substrate where the parent-infant relationship can be practised with the ultimate goal of achieving further developmental steps.

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“…Essa diferença pode ser observada inclusive ao realizar a comparação do desenvolvimento de crianças nascidas a termo e pré-termo em idade pré-escolar 10 . A vulnerabilidade biológica dos prematuros pode estar associada a riscos psicossociais do contexto no qual a criança está inserida [11][12][13] . Nesse sentido, a criança fica exposta a condição de múltiplo risco, que tem efeito negativo no seu desenvolvimento.…”

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Developmental outcomes and quality of life in children born preterm at preschool- and school-age

Vieira¹,

Linhares²

2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: To review literature published in the last 5 years on the effects of premature birth on the development and quality of life of preschool-and school-age children.Source: Systematic review of empirical studies published in the last 5 years and indexed on PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and PsycINFO. Keywords were chosen that relate prematurity to developmental and quality of life outcomes. Summary of the findings:In the studies chosen, four global indicators of development were identified (neurological, neurodevelopment, executive functions and quality of life), in addition to seven specific indicators of development (cognition, motor function, behavior, language, academic performance, attention and memory). The most prevalent indicators were cognition and motor function. Premature children had worse performance in all developmental indicators than children born full term. Additionally, the younger the gestational age, the worse the performance in developmental indicator assessments. The studies identified both risk factors (lower birth weight, intraventricular hemorrhage and low maternal educational level) and protective factors (larger head circumference, breastfeeding and higher family income) for development of children born preterm. Conclusion ResumoObjetivo: Revisar a literatura publicada nos últimos 5 anos sobre o efeito do nascimento prematuro no desenvolvimento e qualidade de vida de crianças nas fases pré-escolar e escolar. Fonte dos dados:Revisão sistemática de estudos empíricos dos últimos 5 anos indexados nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO e PsycINFO. Utilizaram-se palavras-chave que associaram a prematuridade aos desfechos de desenvolvimento e qualidade de vida. Síntese dos dados:Nos estudos, foram identificados quatro indicadores globais do desenvolvimento (neurológico, neurodesenvolvimento, funções executivas e qualidade de vida) e sete indicadores específicos do desenvolvimento (cognição, motor, comportamento, linguagem, desempenho escolar, atenção e memória). Os indicadores mais prevalentes foram cognição e motor. Os prematuros apresentaram pior desempenho em todos os indicadores de desenvolvimento quando comparados às crianças nascidas a termo. Além disso, quanto menor a idade gestacional, pior o desempenho nas avaliações dos indicadores de desenvolvimento. Verificou-se a presença de fatores de risco (menor peso ao nascer, hemorragia intraventricular e baixo nível educacional da mãe) e fatores de proteção (maior perímetro cefálico, aleitamento materno e maior renda familiar) do desenvolvimento de crianças nascidas pré-termo. Conclusão:Crianças nascidas com prematuridade extrema (≤ 30 semanas de idade gestacional) são vulneráveis para apresentar problemas no desenvolvimento e na qualidade de vida.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(4):281-291: Desenvolvimento infantil, qualidade de vida, prematuro.

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Infant sex, obstetric risk factors, and 2‐year neurodevelopmental outcome among preterm infants

Abstract: The excess risk of neurodevelopmental impairment associated with male sex among preterm infants is modulated by obstetric risk factors.

Cited by 62 publications

References 24 publications

Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age

Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age

Effects of a Home-Based Family-Centred Early Habilitation Program on Neurobehavioural Outcomes of Very Preterm Born Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Developmental outcomes and quality of life in children born preterm at preschool- and school-age

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