Infection Microenvironment-Mediated Nanoplatform for In Vivo Persistent Luminescence Imaging and Chemodynamic Antibacterial Therapy

Abstract

Infection microenvironment-mediated chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an attractive way for the therapy of bacterial infection. However, therapeutic agents which can obtain real-time and in situ pathological information imaging signals during CDT are rare. Thus, it is an urgent need to explore antibacterial agents with both bacterial elimination and treatment process monitoring ability. Herein, we report an activatable antimicrobial nanoplatform with both ultralow-background persistent luminescent (PL) ''turn-on" imaging and therapeutic capability. Chitosan (CS) is used as a linker to immobilize copper ions on the surface of persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) to fabricate PLNPs−CS−Cu 2+ . The PL emission of PLNPs is quenched by Cu 2+ under physiological conditions but recovered due to the conversion of Cu 2+ into Cu + by high glutathione (GSH) levels at the infection site. The produced Cu + catalyzes H 2 O 2 to generate hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) for bacterial killing through oxidative stress. Also, the depletion of GSH amplifies the oxidative stress and enhances the therapy efficacy. The as-prepared antibacterial nanoplatform is promising for highly sensitive persistent luminescent imaging and simultaneous treatment of bacterial infection.

A hypochlorite-activatable persistent luminescence nanoprobe for assisted tumor resection

“…4(b)). 33 The LPS group showed a 1.9-fold increase compared to the control group (**p o 0.01) and a 2.3-fold increase compared to the LPS-taurine group (***p o 0.001). These results demonstrated the impressive potential of ZGC@P&A for the specific detection of ClO À in vivo.…”

Stimuli‐Actuated Turn‐On Theranostic Nanoplatforms for Imaging‐Guided Antibacterial Treatment

“…Reproduced with permission. [103] Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. mannose receptors are highly expressed in macrophages.…”

“…By harnessing the high concentration of GSH at the site of infection, a GSH‐activatable antimicrobial nanotherapeutic (PLNPs‐CS‐Cu 2+ ) was prepared by using PLNPs, chitosan (CS) and copper ions (Cu 2+ ) (Figure 8B). [ 103 ] Cu 2+ was modified onto the surface of PLNPs by using CS as a bridge to quench the fluorescence of PLNPs. When PLNPs‐CS‐Cu 2+ were applied to the wound, Cu 2+ was reduced to Cu + by the high content of GSH in the infected tissue.…”

Lighting up endogenous H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment using a dual-mode nanoprobe for long afterglow and MR bioimaging

“…4,5 Therefore, PLNPs can effectively avoid the interference of scattered light and autofluorescence from living cells or tissues, resulting in an extremely high signal-tonoise ratio and excellent imaging results. 6 Currently, the application of PLNPs in the biomedical field is increasingly expanding, 7,8 including bioimaging, biosensing, disease diagnosis and treatment. [9][10][11] Wang and colleagues reported the direct synthesis of PLNPs via a hydrothermal method.…”