Infection Prevention and Control at Lira University Hospital, Uganda: More Needs to Be Done

Opollo, Marc Sam; Otim, Tom Charles; Kizito, Walter; Thekkur, Pruthu; Kumar, Ajay; Kitutu, Freddy Eric; Kisame, Rogers; Zolfo, María

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed6020069

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A study at Lira University Hospital showed that the IPC compliance level was basic with no IPC committee, no IPC team, no IPC training for the health workers at the hospital, and no IPC surveillance systems. 46 Teaching hospitals need accessible and functional IPC committees and guidelines. 46 However, it is important to note that the difference between IPC awareness and IPC practical skills scores shows that awareness of guidelines does not impact compliance with infection prevention and control guidelines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46 Teaching hospitals need accessible and functional IPC committees and guidelines. 46 However, it is important to note that the difference between IPC awareness and IPC practical skills scores shows that awareness of guidelines does not impact compliance with infection prevention and control guidelines. Specific training on practical skills is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microbiological Contamination of Mobile Phones and Mobile Phone Hygiene of Final-Year Medical Students in Uganda: A Need for Educational Intervention

Lubwama¹,

Kateete²,

Ayazika³

et al. 2021

AMEP

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Introduction: Contaminated mobile phones act as reservoirs for organisms causing hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Little is known about medical school students' awareness of infection prevention and control (IPC) regarding mobile phone use among medical students. We demonstrated the presence of organisms on mobile phones of final-year medical students at Makerere University College of Health Sciences and evaluated their awareness of IPC regarding mobile phone hygiene and use in a hospital setting. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, organisms from swabs obtained from 79 medical students' mobile phones were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility test carried out using standard biochemical tests and the automated BD Phoenix instrument. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire to assess the students' awareness. The analysis was carried out using STATA software version 16. Results: Seventy (88.6%) mobile phones were contaminated with at least one organism. One hundred forty-eight bacteria were isolated, of which 123 (83.1%) were Gram-positive, 24 (16.2%) were Gram-negative, and 1 (0.7%) was yeast (Candida spp). Coagulase negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated among Gram-positive bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii were the most frequently isolated among Gram-negative bacteria. The average IPC practical score regarding mobile phone hygiene (34%) was significantly lower than the average IPC awareness score (77%) (p ≤ 0.0001). Seventy-four (93.7%) students use their phones while rotating in the various wards. Forty (50.6%) of the students cleaned their phones with alcohol-based sanitizer after rotations in the ward. Thirty-five (44.3%) students were aware of IPC programs in the hospital they rotated in. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of bacterial contamination from mobile phones of medical students. The students had lower IPC practical scores compared to IPC awareness scores regarding mobile phone hygiene irrespective of the ward of rotation. Curriculum of final-year medical students should include IPC-related topics, which incorporate practical skills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Contamination of Mobile Phones and Mobile Phone Hygiene of Final-Year Medical Students in Uganda: A Need for Educational Intervention

Lubwama¹,

Kateete²,

Ayazika³

et al. 2021

AMEP

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“…Less than half of the HCFs had written guidelines pertaining to WASH and IPC in the HCF. Existence of WASH and IPC guidelines provides a framework for strategic planning and implementation of WASH and IPC services, provides guidance on the minimum standards, and can be used as a tool for monitoring the performance of WASH and IPC in HCFs [48,49]. In addition, standards can also be used to establish compliance to prescribe WASH and IPC measures in HCFs.…”

Section: Plos Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of management systems for sustainability of infection prevention and control, and water sanitation and hygiene in healthcare facilities in the Greater Kampala Area, Uganda

et al. 2022

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Sustaining Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH), and Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) services in healthcare facilities (HCFs) remain a challenge in the developing world. This is largely attributable to ineffective management systems such as leadership, training, monitoring, financing and accountability, and operation and maintenance (O&M) for WASH and IPC. This study analysed management systems for the sustainability of WASH and IPC in HCFs in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA), Uganda. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 59 HCFs. Data were obtained from HCF in-charges using the WASHCon tool. Indicators of sustainability across HCF level and ownership were compared using Chi-square tests, performed in Stata 14 statistical software. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Less than half, 42.4% (25/59) of the HCFs had trained their staff on WASH issues, and 44.1% (26/59) had WASH and IPC guidelines. Nearly all, 91.2% (31/34) of the HCFs that needed new sinks, taps, or pipes could not afford them due to insufficient funds. The perceptions of in-charges that it was their responsibility: to ensure that staff receive training on WASH and IPC (p = 0.014); to oversee the O&M of WASH and IPC infrastructure (p = 0.005); and to sustain WASH and IPC infrastructure and behaviours (p = 0.014) varied by ownership of the HCF. Availability of written guidelines on WASH and IPC varied by level and ownership (p = 0.010). In this study, sub-optimal management systems for WASH and IPC were noted, and leadership, training and monitoring, financing, and accountability varied across level and ownership of the HCFs. Nonetheless, simple acts such as recognising the best performing staff in WASH and IPC can boost the morale of the staff. Also, there is a need for budget increments and functionalisation of the WASH and IPC committees in order to sustain recommended practices.

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“…[56] relate the design of healthcare facilities to medication errors, falls, and Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAI), addressing issues such as evidence-based design (EBD) and bringing a set of strategies to avoid it, through a narrative review that the main purpose is to create safe and high-quality healthcare environments. Using the WHO's Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool, Opollo et al (2021) [57] evaluated the Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) compliance at a teaching hospital in Uganda. Problems were found, considering the eight core components of the IPCAF tool: IPC programme; IPC guidelines; IPC education and training; HCAI surveillance; multimodal strategies for implementation of IPC interventions; monitoring/audit of IPC practices and feedback; workload, staffing, and bed occupancy; and built environment, materials, and equipment for IPC at the facility level [57].…”

Section: Air Curtain and Air Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the WHO's Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool, Opollo et al (2021) [57] evaluated the Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) compliance at a teaching hospital in Uganda. Problems were found, considering the eight core components of the IPCAF tool: IPC programme; IPC guidelines; IPC education and training; HCAI surveillance; multimodal strategies for implementation of IPC interventions; monitoring/audit of IPC practices and feedback; workload, staffing, and bed occupancy; and built environment, materials, and equipment for IPC at the facility level [57].…”

Section: Air Curtain and Air Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current approaches for preventing environment-associated contamination in healthcare facilities: a systematic literature review by open access database

Soares

Ornstein

França

2022

Archit. Struct. Constr.

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This article presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) whose objective is to identify aspects related to the built environment of Emergency Rooms (ERs) and healthcare facilities that interfere with infection by respiratory diseases. The SLR presented is a relevant part of ongoing research dedicated to discussing the built environment’s role on contamination, considering the COVID-19 pandemic scenario and the ER of the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo (USP), sited in São Paulo city, Brazil, as a case study. The results of this SLR showed that the main aspects discussed in the selected articles are: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems; disinfection and hygiene; layout and spatial organisation; air curtain and air purification; natural ventilation; door opening; and surface material. As major findings, the importance of properly designed mechanical ventilation systems and of the parameters’ control for the maintenance of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) are highlighted. In addition, the existence of isolation rooms; periodic assessments based on guides and protocols; self-sanitising materials surfaces; and environmental design strategies are presented, together with the development of technologies, often incorporated into hospital furniture. Thus, as contribution, the article highlights the importance of the association of several measures related to the performance of the built environment to minimise respiratory infections in healthcare environments. As a limit of this research, only open access articles and reviews from 2017 to 2021 were considered, so that the article reveals trends in this field of study, not covering the entirety of content.

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Infection Prevention and Control at Lira University Hospital, Uganda: More Needs to Be Done

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Microbiological Contamination of Mobile Phones and Mobile Phone Hygiene of Final-Year Medical Students in Uganda: A Need for Educational Intervention

Microbiological Contamination of Mobile Phones and Mobile Phone Hygiene of Final-Year Medical Students in Uganda: A Need for Educational Intervention

Analysis of management systems for sustainability of infection prevention and control, and water sanitation and hygiene in healthcare facilities in the Greater Kampala Area, Uganda

Current approaches for preventing environment-associated contamination in healthcare facilities: a systematic literature review by open access database

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