Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye)

Angelos, John A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.11.006

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Diagnosis of lymphoma and melanoma was based on histopathology. Diagnosis of ruptured globe secondary to infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) was based on history and ocular signs consistent with IBK (photophobia, blepharospasm, increased lacrimation, corneal edema, corneal ulceration, and corneal stromal abscess) . Diagnosis of ruptured globe due to trauma was based on history and ocular examination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exenteration is a relatively simple surgical procedure that can alleviate pain associated with ocular diseases and may prevent osteomyelitis of the bony orbit or progression of neoplasia . Indications for exenteration in cattle include severe trauma to the eye with loss of globe contents, ocular neoplasms, septic panophthalmitis, phthisis bulbi with associated conjunctivitis, enlarged painful glaucomatous eyes, and rupture of the globe secondary to infectious keratoconjunctivitis . In the majority of cases in cattle, there is no need to preserve the globe for esthetic considerations when orbital surgery is recommended.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transpalpebral exenteration in cattle: a retrospective study of 115 cases

Chigerwe

Angelos

Gamsjäger

et al. 2016

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transpalpebral exenteration in cattle: a retrospective study of 115 cases

Chigerwe

Angelos

Gamsjäger

et al. 2016

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…The Gram-negative bacterium Moraxella bovis is suggested as the causative agent of IBK [5], although recent studies have shown that Moraxella bovoculi , originally identified in 2002 and shown to be distinct from M. bovis , may also be associated with IBK [6, 7]. A disease similar to IKC has also been documented in sheep and goats [8, 9], as well as in a wide range of wild animal species, such as moose ( Alces alces ), mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus ), ibex ( Capra ibex ), chamois ( Rupicapra rupicapra ), roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) and red deer ( Cervus elaphus ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervid herpesvirus 2 and not Moraxella bovoculi caused keratoconjunctivitis in experimentally inoculated semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInfectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a transmissible disease in semi-domesticated Eurasian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). It is regarded as multifactorial and a single causative pathogen has not yet been identified. From clinical outbreaks we have previously identified Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) and Moraxella bovoculi as candidates for experimental investigations. Eighteen reindeer were inoculated in the right eye with CvHV2 (n = 5), M. bovoculi (n = 5), CvHV2 and M. bovoculi (n = 5) or sterile saline water (n = 3; controls).ResultsAll animals inoculated with CvHv2, alone or in combination with M. bovoculi, showed raised body temperature, increased lacrimation, conjunctivitis, excretion of pus and periorbital oedema; clinical signs that increased in severity from day 2 post inoculation (p.i.) and throughout the experiment, until euthanasia 5–7 days p.i. Examination after euthanasia revealed corneal oedema, and three animals displayed a corneal ulcer. CvHV2 could be identified in swab samples from both the inoculated eye and the control eye from most animals and time points, indicating a viral spread from the inoculation site.ConclusionsThis study showed that CvHV2 alone and in combination with M. bovoculi was able to cause the characteristic clinical signs of IKC in reindeer, whereas inoculation of M. bovoculi alone, originally isolated from a reindeer with IKC, did not produce clinical signs. Previous studies have suggested that herding procedures, animal stress and subsequent reactivation of latent CvHV2 infection in older animals is a plausible mechanism for IKC outbreaks among reindeer calves and young animals in reindeer herds. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the infection biology and epidemiology associated with IKC in reindeer.

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“…The similarity in electrophoretic mobility of mutants between Mb25 and Epp63 in the present study suggests that at least for these genes, the associated structures are conserved in these strains. Another related bacterium, M. bovoculi, has relatively recently been recognised as another causative agent of IBK (see [18] for review).…”

Section: Losmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterisation of a biosynthetic locus for Moraxella bovis lipo-oligosaccharide

Faglin

Grice

Ratnayake

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Research

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Moraxella bovis is a Gram-negative gammaproteobacterium and is one of the causative agents of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. The structure of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) from strain Epp63 was recently elucidated. In the present study a genetic locus of seven encoding genes with high similarity to glycosyltransferases has been identified. Mutation of these putative glycosyltransferase genes resulted in M. bovis mutant bacteria that expressed truncated LOS structures. The structures of the oligosaccharide (OS) expressed by the mutant strains were elucidated and demonstrated the role of the glycosyltransferase enzymes in the LOS biosynthesis of M. bovis. The glycosyltransferase genes designated lgt1, lgt3, and lgt6 are highly similar to the genes in the related bacterium M. catarrhalis. In addition, there are syntenic similarities with the corresponding LOS biosynthesis locus in M. catarrhalis and other members of Moraxellaceae.

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Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye)

Cited by 49 publications

References 32 publications

Transpalpebral exenteration in cattle: a retrospective study of 115 cases

Transpalpebral exenteration in cattle: a retrospective study of 115 cases

Cervid herpesvirus 2 and not Moraxella bovoculi caused keratoconjunctivitis in experimentally inoculated semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer

Identification and characterisation of a biosynthetic locus for Moraxella bovis lipo-oligosaccharide

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