Inferior Vena Cava Agenesia and a Massive Bilateral Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis

Abstract

The absence of the inferior vena cava is a rare congenital anomaly and represents a modest risk for deep-venous thrombosis. When associated with genetic polymorphism or other hypercoagulable states, the risk can increase several times. A case of young man with the inferior vena cava agenesia and deep-venous thrombosis of both legs triggered by the physical effort is reported. The view that the congenital inferior vena cava malformation represents a predisposition to deep-venous thrombosis in spite of well-developed collateral circulation is supported. In these circumstances, various external triggers (physical effort, hormonal contraception etc) may precipitate thrombosis. Because the patient had no other convincing and permanent risk factors for thrombosis, the lifelong anticoagulant therapy was not recommended.

Inferior vena cava agenesis and deep vein thrombosis: 10 patients and review of the literature

“…5,7,38 associated with a homozygous C677T mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in two, 6,44 and heterozygosity in the three others among the 18 (16.7%) tested. 5,13,38 Because hyperhomocysteinemia is not considered a DVT risk factor, homocysteinemia and C677T mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase were not tested in our population. Only two (3.8%) of the 52 patients tested for antithrombin, protein C and protein S deficiencies had the latter.…”

Inferior vena cava agenesis: Association with bilateral lower-limb deep vein thrombosis in young males

“…A MEDLINE search retrieved 38 cases of lower-limb DVT associated with IVCA that occurred between the years of 2001 to 2009 (Table 2) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Pooling the characteristics of these patients with our 10 cases, we observed a predominance of young individuals (mean age of 26 years).…”

Anomalous development of the inferior vena cava: Case reports of agenesis and hypoplasia

“… Agenesis: is a rare congenital abnormality, with a probably underestimated incidence estimated in less than 1% [1] , [5] . The main venous variants related to the agenesis are: absence of suprarenal IVC, absence of the infrarenal IVC with preservation of the suprarenal segment [7] , [8] , [9] and absence of the entire IVC [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] . …”