Inferior Vena Cava Duplication: Demonstration by Computed Tomography

Faer, Michael J.; Lynch, Richard; Evans, Hayden O.; Chin, Frederic K.

doi:10.1148/130.3.707

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous reports indicate that the size of each portion of the double IVC differs among individuals (4,12,13,15). This may be affected by the amount or rate of blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pelvic venous variations in patients with congenital inferior vena cava anomalies: classification with computed tomography

et al. 2007

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“…Previous reports indicate that the size of each portion of the double IVC differs among individuals (4,12,13,15). This may be affected by the amount or rate of blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pelvic venous variations in patients with congenital inferior vena cava anomalies: classification with computed tomography

et al. 2007

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“…The incidence of D-IVC is reported to be 0.2-3% [1,2]. D-IVC is generally asymptomatic and often only incidentally discovered during autopsy [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney Transplants from LivingRelated Donors Having Double Inferior Vena cava

Nakatani

Kim²,

Naganuma³

et al. 2004

Urol Int

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We performed four living related kidney transplantations from donors with double inferior vena cava (D-IVC), in which the left kidney was selected in two cases and the right in two cases. By dissecting the right internal iliac vein and isolating the right external iliac vein, the surgical procedure of the recipient side was so devised as to avoid any complications. In one patient, the surgical procedure of the donor side was modified to extend the donor left renal vein by anastomosis of part of the donor IVC to the renal vein. In the other case, no special treatment was necessary due to the patient’s slender physique. In all four cases, transplants were successfully performed. The following conclusions can be made from these results: If the donor has D-IVC, it is essential to carefully conduct pre-operative examinations including angiography and venography to investigate other possible anomalies and blood flow of the renal vein. In addition, the graft must be carefully selected so that it is not disadvantageous to the donor. If there is no disadvantage to the donor as to which kidney is selected, the kidney with the longer renal vein should be transplanted.

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“…Although IVC duplication is a relatively uncommon anomaly with an incidence of about 3%, it is quite important for the radiologist to recognize this and other variations of the IVC have difficulty with procedures such as renal vein sampling or adrenal venography unless duplication is suspected. The presence of an anomalous venous structure may be misread as lymphadenopathy on computed tomography (CT) 3,4 or as iliac vein occlusion in radionuclide ~e n o g r a p h y .~ If a left-sided cava with hemiazygos continuation is present, the associated dilatation of the azygos vein may masquerade as a mediastinal mas^.^,^ Detection of an IVC anomaly may also allow the radiologist to suggest the possibility of an associated cardiac lesion or abnormality of the abdominal viscera.+ lo Knowledge of IVC anomalies is also very important in planning procedures such as shunt placement in portal hypertension, in choosing renal transplant donors, in choosing the site of caval ligation in patients with persistent thromboemboli, and in repairing abdominal aneurysms." Knowledge of caval abnormalities may help prevent accidental laceration of a left IVC during other retroperitoneal surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferior vena cava duplication: Demonstration by sonography

Richardson

Kinard

Levesque

1983

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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A 37-yr-old woman presented with pain in her left leg. Because of a clinical suspicion of deep vein thrombophlebitis, a contrast venogram was performed in this leg. Her deep leg veins were unremarkable on venography, but a double inferior vena cava (IVC) was noted on the views of her upper leg and abdomen (Fig. 1). She was then examined with abdominal sonography. A transverse scan 2 cm above the umbilicus ( Fig. 2A) showed paired cystic structures on either side of the abdominal aorta. These structures were also well visualized on longitudinal scans (Fig. 2B-D). Case 2A 58-yr-old man was found t o have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Since he also had systemic hypertension, renal vein sampling for renin was performed to help assess the possibility of related renovascular hypertension. Following catheterization of the right femoral vein using the Seldinger technique, the right renal vein was catheterized and sampled without difficulty. The left renal vein, however, could not be identified. Contrast medium was injected into the IVC to help visualize the anatomy. This injection suggested the possibility of a duplicated IVC, so the left femoral vein was also catheterized using the Seldinger technique. Simultaneous injections of both sides confirmed that a duplication was present (Fig. 3). Sonography showed a 5-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm just anterior to the spine, with paired cystic structures seen on either side (Fig. 4).

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Inferior Vena Cava Duplication: Demonstration by Computed Tomography

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

Pelvic venous variations in patients with congenital inferior vena cava anomalies: classification with computed tomography

Pelvic venous variations in patients with congenital inferior vena cava anomalies: classification with computed tomography

Kidney Transplants from LivingRelated Donors Having Double Inferior Vena cava

Inferior vena cava duplication: Demonstration by sonography

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