Inferring graphical constraints with Rockit

Karsenty, Solange; Weikart, Chris; Landay, James A.

doi:10.1145/169059.169528

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, only one constraint per widget side is supported. Finally, Rockit [9] automatically infers constraints from static drawings, using hard-coded rules and heuristics. These approaches require the user to edit or handle individual constraints.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Direct Manipulation Operations for Constraint-Based Layout

Zeidler

Lutteroth

Stuerzlinger

et al. 2013

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013

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Abstract. Layout managers are used to control the placement of widgets in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Constraint-based layout managers are more powerful than other ones. However, they are also more complex and their layouts are prone to problems that usually require direct editing of constraints. Today, designers commonly use GUI builders to specify GUIs. The complexities of traditional approaches to constraint-based layouts pose challenges for GUI builders.We evaluate a novel GUI builder, the Auckland Layout Editor (ALE), which addresses these challenges by enabling GUI designers to specify constraintbased layouts via direct manipulation using simple, mouse-based operations. These operations hide the complexity of the constraint-based layout model, while giving designers access to its benefits.In a user evaluation we compared ALE with two other mainstream layout builders, a grid-based and a constraint-based one. The time taken to create realistic sample layouts with our builder was significantly shorter, and most participants preferred ALE's approach. The evaluation demonstrates that good usability for authoring constraint-based layouts is possible.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Direct Manipulation Operations for Constraint-Based Layout

Zeidler

Lutteroth

Stuerzlinger

et al. 2013

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2013

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“…Recent research has dealt with merging rule-based techniques into direct manipulation systems [6] [7]. Constraintbased search and replace is a direct manipulation technique for defining rules that govern the geometry and placement of graphical objects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive constraint-based search and replace

Kurlander¹,

Feiner²

1992

Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '92

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We describe enhancements to graphical search and replace that allow users to extend the capabilities of a graphical editor. Interactive constraint-based search and replace can search for objects that obey user-specified sets of constraints and automatically apply other constraints to modify these objects. We show how an interactive tool that employs this technique makes it possible for users to define sets of constraints graphically that modify existing illustrations or control the creation of new illustrations. The interface uses the same visual language as the editor and allows users to understand and create powerful rules without conventional programming. Rules can be saved and retrieved for use alone or in combination. Examples, generated with a working implementation, demonstrate applications to drawing beautification and transformation.

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“…Marks or symbols layered on top of the interface are used for feedback indicating graphical constraints in Briar [6] and Rockit [9]. In Rockit, the marks kept the user informed of the current inference of the system.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just Draw It! Programming by Sketching Storyboards,

Landay¹,

Myers²

1995

Self Cite

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Current interactive user interface construction tools make it hard for a user interface designer to illustrate the behavior of an interface. These tools focus on specifying widgets and making it easy to manipulate details such as colors, alignment, and fonts. They can show what the interface will look like, but make it hard to show what it will do, since they require programming or scripting in order to specify all but the most trivial interactions. For these reasons, most interface designers, especially those who have a background in graphic design, prefer to sketch early interface ideas on paper or on a whiteboard. We have developed an interactive tool called SILK that allows designers to quickly sketch an interface using an electronic pad and stylus. However, unlike a paper sketch, this electronic sketch is interactive. The designer can illustrate behaviors by sketching storyboards, which specify how the screen should change in response to end-user actions. This paper describes our storyboarding mechanism and provides design ideas for a production-level system.

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Inferring graphical constraints with Rockit

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Evaluating Direct Manipulation Operations for Constraint-Based Layout

Evaluating Direct Manipulation Operations for Constraint-Based Layout

Interactive constraint-based search and replace

Just Draw It! Programming by Sketching Storyboards,

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