Infiltrating angiolipoma of the foot: magnetic resonance imaging features and review of the literature

Abstract

Angiolipoma is a benign soft tissue tumor with two subtypes: non-infiltrating and infiltrating. Although histologically benign, infiltrating angiolipoma can invade surrounding structures. The foot is a very rare location for angiolipoma, with only four cases reported in the English literature, including one infiltrating type. Here, we report a very rare case of infiltrating angiolipoma of the foot with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) findings. A 7-year-old boy presented with a slowly growing foot mass. MRI showed an unencapsulated mass involving the third web space extending to the foot dorsum and sole. The mass was isointense to subcutaneous fat and was mixed with internal T1 low-signal-intensity enhancing areas. On US, we observed a heterogeneously hypoechoic mass with internal vascularity. Imaging and clinical features of angiolipoma and the radiologic differential diagnoses of a fat-containing mass in the pediatric foot are reviewed here. When there is an ill-defined foot mass with a fat component and variable enhancing portions in a child, infiltrating angiolipoma should be included in the differential diagnosis along with other fat-containing tumors.

Giant infiltrating intermuscular angiolipoma of the posterior axioappendicular region: gross and microscopic features

“…Similar to the current case, angiolipomas are the most prevalent type in the trunk and upper limbs compared to other lipomatous lesions (Altu & Sahin, 2009;Yeo et al, 2018), however, it is unusual to nd in ltrating angiolipomas in the posterior chest wall muscles (e.g. trapezius and rhomboid major for our case) since in ltrating angiolipomas occur mostly in the muscles of the lower limbs in 50% of the cases, and rarely in other places (upper limbs, 20%; chest wall, 20%; and other locations, 10%) (Howard, W. R., & HELWIG, 1960;Salvatore et al, 2003;Shen et al, 2017;Sheybani et al, 2016;Yeo et al, 2018). Finding the in ltrating angiolipoma in a 45-year-old man for the current case seems usual (most in ltrating angiolipomas occur in patients who are older than 30 years) (Arenaz Búa et al, 2010).…”

“…Continued growth, invasiveness, and compression of blood vessels, nerves, and other soft tissues are encountered in in ltrating angiolipomas commonly leading to severe neuropathic, muscular, and joint pains (Shen et al, 2017;Yeo et al, 2018). Therefore, the most viable treatment option is the complete removal of the tumor surgically to avoid the continued growth, recurrence, and complications that are common with in ltrating angiolipomas (Orchis & Ozonoff, 1986;Rahman et al, 2009;Shen et al, 2017;Yeo et al, 2018).…”

Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor: imaging features and clinical findings

“…The most common location of angiolipoma is the forearm, followed by the trunk and upper extremity. Angiolipoma is often a painful lesion [8], in contrast to PFHT, which is almost always painless. Hemangiomas also can mimic PFHT at imaging, although they often exhibit rounded and tubular structures surrounded by fatty septa, and may contain phleboliths [9].…”

Angiolipoma of the first intermetatarsal space – A case study

“…Two cases were found to be infiltrating and two non-infiltrating. The lesions were widely or marginally excised with no reports of recurrence (6)(7)(8)(9).…”