2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.06.018
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Inflammasomes on the Crossroads of Innate Immune Recognition and Metabolic Control

Abstract: Inflammasomes are protein complexes formed upon encounter of microbial or damage-associated stimuli. The main output of inflammasome assembly is activation of caspase-1, a protease involved in both pro-inflammatory and host-protective responses. Defined bacterial or viral ligands have been identified for the inflammasome-forming receptors AIM2, NLRP1, and NLRC4. The signals activating other inflammasomes, NLRP3, NLRP6, and pyrin, are less well understood. Recent studies implicated several low-molecular-weight … Show more

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Cited by 251 publications
(187 citation statements)
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References 190 publications
(276 reference statements)
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“…Considering the similar results in HFD and chow diets, we hypothesized that melatonin might affect important metabolites in both steady and stress state. Recently, studies confirm that the metabolites can contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and have important roles in inflammation and immune response . In addition, we found melatonin also elevated the cellular levels of citrate and αKG in adipose tissue.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 68%
“…Considering the similar results in HFD and chow diets, we hypothesized that melatonin might affect important metabolites in both steady and stress state. Recently, studies confirm that the metabolites can contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and have important roles in inflammation and immune response . In addition, we found melatonin also elevated the cellular levels of citrate and αKG in adipose tissue.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 68%
“…36 Mycobacterium tuberculosis tRNA triggered immune responses via a complex network of innate pathways. 38 Strikingly, human macrophages could sense the bacterial-derived mRNA, tRNA and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) through the nucleotide-binding domain, leucinerich-repeat-containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and then secrete IL-1β and IL-18, while murine macrophages could sense only the mRNA molecules. Meanwhile, type I IFNs, as one part of the acute immune response to the tRNA, enhanced the induction of IL-12p35 via upregulation of TLR3, which resulted in the secretion of IL-12p70 in dendritic cells (DCs) by combination with early TLR8 induction of IL-12p40.…”
Section: Pathogen Trnas and Trna Derivatives Induce Innate Immunitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The modulation of inflammasome signaling by bacteria‐derived metabolites is another distinct mechanism involved in modulation of host immunity. Recent studies implicated several low‐molecular‐weight compounds associated with metabolism, not immunity, in regulation of NLRP3 and NLRP6 activation . In a recent study, it has been shown that microbial metabolites taurine, histamine, and spermine modulate NLRP6 inflammasome signaling, secretion of IL‐18, and production of anti‐microbial peptides shaping the host‐microbiome interface …”
Section: Bowel Inflammation and The Microbiomementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent studies implicated several low-molecularweight compounds associated with metabolism, not immunity, in regulation of NLRP3 and NLRP6 activation. 201 In a recent study, it has been shown that microbial metabolites taurine, histamine, and spermine modulate NLRP6 inflammasome signaling, secretion of IL-18, and production of anti-microbial peptides shaping the hostmicrobiome interface. 202 The discovery of bacteria-specific vitamin B metabolites recognized as antigens by mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells revealed yet another mechanism of host-microbiome interaction and provides an important hint as to how our immune system may sense and control the microbiome.…”
Section: Bowel Infl Ammati On and The Microb Iomementioning
confidence: 99%