Inflammation and Cognition in Depression: A Narrative Review

Wachowska, Katarzyna; Gałecki, Piotr

doi:10.3390/jcm10245859

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by depressed mood, loss of appetite, and high suicide rates ( Hidaka, 2012 ; Wachowska and Gałecki, 2021 ). Depression can occur at any age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota-Related Inflammation Factors as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder

Bai

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveAlthough many works have been done, the objectively measured diagnostic biomarkers are not available. Thus, we conducted this study to identify potential biomarkers for objectively diagnosing depression and explore the role of gut microbiota in the onset of depression.MethodsMajor depressive disorder (MDD) patients (n=56) and demographic data-matched healthy controls (HCs) (n=56) were included in this study. The gut microbiota in fecal samples and inflammation-related factors in serum were measured. Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify the differential gut microbiota and inflammation-related factors.ResultsFinally, 46 differential operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (60.9% OTUs belonging to Firmicutes) and ten differential inflammation-related factors were identified. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between 14 differential OTUs (9 OTUs belonging to Firmicutes and 5 OTUs belonging to family Lachnospiraceae under Firmicutes) and seven differential inflammation-related factors. Meanwhile, 14 differential OTUs (9 OTUs belonging to Firmicutes and 5 OTUs belonging to family Lachnospiraceae under Firmicutes) and five differential inflammation-related factors (adiponectin, apolipoprotein A1, alpha 1-antitrypsin, neutrophilicgranulocyte count/white blood cell count and basophil count) were significantly correlated to depression severity. A panel consisting of these five differential inflammation-related factors could effectively diagnose MDD patients from HCs.ConclusionsOur results suggested that Firmicutes, especially family Lachnospiraceae, might play a role in the onset of depression via affecting the inflammation levels of host, and these five differential inflammation-related factors could be potential biomarkers for objectively diagnosing MDD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota-Related Inflammation Factors as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder

Bai

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The central–peripheral immune crosstalk further influences the neurocircuitries, monoamines, oxidative stress, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with MDD [ 8 , 15 , 16 ]. These pathophysiological processes may elucidate the treatment response, cognitive impairment, and somatic and psychiatric comorbidities for MDD [ 8 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Common Pathomechanisms Of Somatic and Psychiatric Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The suggested mechanisms of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 infection were direct viral encephalitis, neuroinflammation, BBB damage, hypoxia, and cerebrovascular disease [ 26 , 27 ]. Neuroinflammation has been suggested as a mechanism linking the etiology of MDD with its neurocognitive symptoms [ 17 , 28 ]. A recent study reported that higher coping flexibility was associated with a lower risk of depression [ 29 ].…”

Section: Long Covid Neuroinflammation and Somatic And Psychiatric Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unresolved Systemic Inflammation, Long COVID, and the Common Pathomechanisms of Somatic and Psychiatric Comorbidity

Liang

Gałecki

2022

JCM

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“…As mentioned above, excessive inflammatory response plays an important role in CUMS-induced depression [ 34 , 35 ]. Recently, the hypothesis of cancer proposed that excessive inflammation can speed cancer progression and decrease patient survival [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Objective Depression is positively correlated with the high incidence and low survival rate of cancers, while more cancer patients suffer depression. However, the interaction between depression and cancer, and possible underline mechanisms are unclear. Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce depression, and smoke to induce lung cancer in lung cancer vulnerable AJ mice. After 8 weeks, sucrose preference and forced swimming behaviors were tested. Blood corticosterone concentration, and levels of cytokines, lung cancer-related factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and apoptosis-related factors in the lung, amygdala and hippocampus were measured. Results Compared to control group, CUMS or smoke decreased sucrose consumption and increased immobility time, which were deteriorated by stress+smoke. CUMS, smoke or both combination decreased mononuclear viability and lung TNF-α concentration, increased serum corticosterone and lung interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and HSP-90α concentrations. Furthermore, stress+smoke caused more increase in corticosterone and IL-10, but decreased TNF-α. In parallel, in the lung, Bcl-2/Bax and lung cancer-related factors CDK1, CDC20, P38α etc were significantly increased in stress+smoke group. Moreover, CUMS decreased BDNF, while CUMS or smoke increased TrkB and P75 concentrations, which were exacerbated by stress+smoke. In the amygdala, except for CUMS largely increased Bax/Bcl-2 and decreased TrkB, each single factor decreased BDNF and IL-10, but increased P75, IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α concentrations. Changes in Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. In the hippocampus, except for CUMS largely increased P75 concentration, each single factor significantly increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, IL-1β and TNF-α, but decreased BDNF, TrkB and IL-10 concentrations. Changes in Bax, Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. Conclusion These results suggest that a synergy between CUMS and smoke exposure could promote the development of depression and lung cancer, through CUMS increased the risk of cancer occurrence, and conversely lung cancer inducer smoke exposure deteriorated depressive symptoms.

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Inflammation and Cognition in Depression: A Narrative Review

Cited by 13 publications

References 90 publications

Gut Microbiota-Related Inflammation Factors as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder

Gut Microbiota-Related Inflammation Factors as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder

Unresolved Systemic Inflammation, Long COVID, and the Common Pathomechanisms of Somatic and Psychiatric Comorbidity

The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction

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