Inflammation

Abreu, Adriana Vieira de; Rondina, Matthew T.; Weyrich, Andrew S.; Zimmerman, Guy A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387837-3.00036-5

Cited by 16 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 358 publications

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“…15 C-type lectin-like receptors, including DC-SIGN, mediate HIV-1 capture by platelets 16 and platelet activation in dengue infection. 17 Human platelets and megakaryocytes also express mRNA and/or protein for TLRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9 18,19 (Adrianna Vieira de Abreu, Robert Campbell, and Guy Zimmerman, unpublished studies). TLRs bind diverse ligands from many infectious pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and protozoa.…”

Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 Among the TLRs identified on platelets, TLR2 and TLR4 have been most extensively studied to date. 18,19 TLR2 is expressed on the cell surface of platelets and serves as a receptor for PAMPs, particularly lipoproteins and peptidoglycans of bacterial cell walls. TLR2 forms heterodimers with TLR1 or TLR6 and stimulates platelet activation and aggregation and promotes platelet-neutrophil aggregates.…”

Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Components of the inflammasome, which regulate host defense mechanisms to pathogens, 36,37 are present within platelets and mediate conversion of pro-IL-1b to the mature IL-1b cytokine. 18 Mature IL-1b, the gatekeeper of inflammation, can be released by platelets into the systemic circulation and/or packaged within platelet-derived microparticles (MPs). IL-1b within platelet MPs allows for communication with and activation of extravascular cells and induction of endothelial permeability.…”

Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this review, the reader is referred to several recent articles summarizing these activities. 8,9,18,19,22,42 In the next section, we briefly discuss several of these clinical implications.…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Altered Platelet Functions In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelets in infectious disease

Middleton

Rondina

2016

Hematology

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Sepsis is a dynamic, acute, infectious disease syndrome characterized by dysregulated thrombo-inflammatory responses. The high mortality associated with sepsis has been recognized since the earliest clinicians' writings. Despite this, advances in the treatment of sepsis have been more modest. This is limited, in part, by the heterogeneity in the definition, population, presentation, and causal factors of infectious syndromes. Given the persistently high morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis, a better understanding of the dysregulated cellular biology underpinning sepsis is needed. Platelets are small, anucleate cells that have hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune-mediating properties. Platelets are the second most common circulating blood cell, and emerging evidence suggests that platelets serve as sentinel and effector cells during infectious syndromes. Nevertheless, the molecular and functional changes that occur in platelets during sepsis, and their impact on the clinical course of infected patients, remain incompletely understood. In this review, we first highlight the complex and dynamic pathophysiology characteristics of acute, systemic infections and we then discuss established and emerging evidence of the roles of platelets in sepsis. Learning Objectives• Understand the systemic pathophysiology and thromboinflammation characteristic of human infectious disease syndromes • Review the role of platelets in sepsis as modulating host hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune activities

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Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Platelets In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Implications Of Altered Platelet Functions In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelets in infectious disease

Middleton

Rondina

2016

Hematology

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“…Several reviews catalog a wealth of observations relevant to platelets and the lungs (2–12). Here we focus on some of these issues and draw on both experimental and clinical inquiries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets in Lung Biology

Weyrich

Zimmerman²

2013

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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162

187

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Platelets and the lungs have an intimate relationship. Platelets are anucleate mammalian blood cells that continuously circulate through pulmonary vessels and that have major effector activities in hemostasis and inflammation. The lungs are reservoirs for megakaryocytes, the requisite precursor cell in thrombopoiesis, which is the intricate process by which platelets are generated. Platelets contribute to basal barrier integrity of the alveolar capillaries, which selectively restricts the transfer of water, proteins, and red blood cells out of the vessels. Platelets also contribute to pulmonary vascular repair. Although platelets bolster hemostatic and inflammatory defense of the healthy lung, experimental evidence and clinical evidence indicate that these blood cells are effectors of injury in a variety of pulmonary disorders and syndromes. Newly discovered biological capacities of platelets are being explored in the context of lung defense, disease, and remodeling.

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Sticky Platelet Syndrome: History and Future Perspectives

Kubisz

Ruíz‐Argüelles

Staško

et al. 2014

Semin Thromb Hemost

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The sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a thrombophilic qualitative platelet disorder with familial occurrence and autosomal dominant trait, characterized by increased in vitro platelet aggregation after low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate and/or epinephrine. Its clinical manifestation includes arterial thrombosis, pregnancy complications (fetal growth retardation and fetal loss), and less often venous thromboembolism. SPS was considered to be a rare thrombophilic disorder, but it can be found relatively often as a cause of unexplained thrombosis, particularly among patients with arterial thrombosis such as stroke. The syndrome was recognized as a distinct disorder in 1983 by Holiday and further characterized in the 1980s and 1990s, with Mammen and Bick providing the key findings. Although recognized for more than 30 years, significant issues, namely the syndrome's etiology, inheritance, and epidemiology, remain unclear. The aim of the first part of this review is to summarize the previous 35 years of the research into, and to provide a brief historical account of, SPS. The history section is focused particularly on the work of two most prominent investigators: Eberhard F. Mammen and Rodger L. Bick. The second part summarizes the present understanding of the syndrome and outlines unresolved issues and the trends in which the future research is likely to continue.

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Inflammation

Cited by 16 publications

References 358 publications

Platelets in infectious disease

Platelets in infectious disease

Platelets in Lung Biology

Sticky Platelet Syndrome: History and Future Perspectives

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