Inflammation in coronary artery disease: Which biomarker and which treatment?

Gaudino, Mario; Crea, Filippo

doi:10.1177/2047487319829307

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Current researches support that the inflammatory response has an important role in the progression of AS. Thus, anti-inflammatory strategies should be designed to prevent the progression of atherosclerotic disease ( Gaudino and Crea, 2019 ). The main finding of this study is that GXK could inhibit atherosclerotic changes by triggering anti-inflammatory response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guanxinkang Decoction Attenuates the Inflammation in Atherosclerosis by Regulating Efferocytosis and MAPKs Signaling Pathway in LDLR−/− Mice and RAW264.7 Cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Guanxinkang decoction (GXK), a traditional Chinese medicinal drug, is used to treat cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of GXK on inflammation in LDLR−/− mice and RAW264.7 cells. Fed with high fat diet for 12 weeks, the mice were randomly divided into six groups, then administered with oral 0.9% saline or GXK (7.24, 14.48, and 28.96 g/kg) or Atorvastatin (1.3 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. RAW 264.7 cells were induced with ox-LDL or ox-LDL plus different concentrations of GXK (1.25, 2.5, and 5 μg/ml), or ox-LDL plus GXK plus MAPKs activators. Serum lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA, gene expression by RT-qPCR, plaque sizes by Oil Red O, α-SMA, caspase 3, NF-κB p65 and TNF-α production by immunofluorescence staining, and protein expression by Western Blot. The phagocytic ability of cells was determined by neutral red uptake assay. Efferocytosis-related proteins (AML, MERTK, TYRO3 and MFGE8) and MAPKs pathways were detected by Western Blot. Compared to mice fed with high fat diet, the mice with GXK showed lower cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, smaller plaque sizes, higher α-SMA, and lower caspase 3 and NF-κB p65 in aortic roots. RAW264.7 cells treated with ox-LDL plus GXK had lower IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. GXK also increased the phagocytic ability of cells. High levels of AML, MERTK, TYRO3 and MFGE8, and decreased levels of iNOS, VCAM-1, LOX-1 and MCP-1, and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38, and NF-κB were detected in GXK-treated group. MAPKs activators reversed the effects of GXK in repressing inflammation and promoting phagocytosis. These results suggested that GXK could attenuate atherosclerosis and resolve inflammation via efferocytosis and MAPKs signaling pathways in LDLR−/− mice and RAW264.7 cells.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guanxinkang Decoction Attenuates the Inflammation in Atherosclerosis by Regulating Efferocytosis and MAPKs Signaling Pathway in LDLR−/− Mice and RAW264.7 Cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chronic inflammation worsens the condition by increasing cytokines (Patil et al, 2019). As CAD or AS is associated with inflammation, anti-inflammation is an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent disease progression (Gaudino and Crea, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taoren Honghua Drug Attenuates Atherosclerosis and Plays an Anti-Inflammatory Role in ApoE Knock-Out Mice and RAW264.7 Cells

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Taoren Honghua drug is a traditional Chinese medicinal drug used to treat cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of Taoren Honghua drug on inflammation and atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice and RAW264.7 cells. ApoE knockout mice fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups and then continued the high fat diet, or plus Taoren Honghua drug at concentrations of 3.63, 1.815, and 0.9075 g/ml, or plus Simvastatin at 2.57 mg/kg. RAW 264.7 cells were intervened with lipopolysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide plus different concentrations of Taoren Honghua drug. Compared to mice only with high fat diet, mice with high fat diet and Taoren Honghua drug showed lower body weight, triglyceride, cholesterol, IL-6 and TNF-a, smaller plaque sizes, less lymph vessel, and T cell contents of lymph nodes, but higher IL-10 level. In RAW264.7 cells, groups with LPS plus Taoren Honghua drug had lower IL-6 and TNF-a, but higher IL-10 than LPS group, as revealed by PCR or ELISA methods. A decrease of total or phosphorylated ERK1/2, JNK, p38, ERK5, STAT3, and AKT were detected, so was the translocation of NF-kB p65 from nuclear to cytoplasm. These results suggested that Taoren Honghua drug could attenuate atherosclerosis and play an anti-inflammatory role via MAPKs, ERK5/STAT3, and AKT/NF-kB p65 signaling pathways in ApoE knockout mice and lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells.

show abstract

“…High sensitivity (hs)-CRP > 2 mg/L associates with major CV risk markers, such as elevated LDL-C, as well as with the progression of CV lesions [9], although the existence of a well defined threshold is disputed [10,11]. Use of this marker for an early detection of lesions and, more importantly, for the monitoring of agents reducing CV risk, has gained wide acceptance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%