Inflammation‐mediated obesity and insulin resistance as targets for nutraceuticals

Kim, Myung-Sunny; Lee, Myeong Soo; Kown, Dae Young

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06098.x

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…The dietary supplement was well tolerated, and there were no reports of any serious adverse events as a result of administration. This finding supports and is consistent with the safety profile that is already widely reported in scientific literature regarding the use of capsaicin and the other plant extracts contained in the formulation [57]. Compliance was completed in both groups and there were no comments from any of the studied patients regarding the content of the supplement he/she was taking, or regarding their perception of having been included in one of the two groups.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months’ consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects

et al. 2012

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This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, 8 week trial assessed the efficacy on metabolic changes produced by a consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients (epigallocatechin gallate, capsaicins, piperine and l-carnitine) versus a placebo, as part of a therapeutic ‘lifestyle change’ diet, in 86 overweight subjects. Forty-one patients (2/14 F/M; age 43.7 ± 8.5; BMI 30.3 ± 3.5 kg/m2) were randomized to the supplemented group and 45 (29/16; age 40.7 ± 10.2; BMI 30.0 ± 2.7) to the control group. We observed that consumption of the dietary supplement was associated with a significantly greater decrease in insulin resistance, assessed by homostasis model assessment (p < 0.001), leptin/adiponectin ratio (p < 0.04), respiratory quotient (p < 0.008). LDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.01). Moreover, statistically significant differences were recorded between the two groups in relation to urinary norepinephrine levels (p < 0.001). Leptin, ghrelin, C-reactive protein decreased and resting energy expenditure increased significantly in the supplemented group (p < 0.05, 0.03, 0.02 and 0,02 respectively), but not in the placebo group; adiponectin decreased significantly in the placebo group (0.001) but not in the supplemented group, although no statistical significance between the groups was elicited. BMI, fat mass (assessed by DXA) and vascular endothelial growth factor significantly decreased, whilst the resting energy expenditure/free fat mass significantly increased in both groups. In general, a greater change was recorded in the supplemented group compared to the placebo, although no statistically significant difference between the two groups was recorded. These results suggest that the combination of bioactive food ingredients studied might be useful for the treatment of obesity-related inflammatory metabolic dysfunctions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months’ consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects

et al. 2012

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“…We show that administration of the probiotic VSL#3 to high fat diet-fed (HFD) 3 mice reduced food intake and protected from body weight gain and insulin resistance. In addition, VSL#3 administration was able to reverse obesity and diabetes in a HFD mouse model and in leptin-deficient Lep ob/ob mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Obesity and type 2 diabetes are complex diseases that involve genetic susceptibility and risk factors such as calorific diets and sedentary life styles (1)(2)(3)(4). Recent studies are suggestive of a role for the gut flora in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes (5-7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a Probiotic via Butyrate-induced GLP-1 Hormone Secretion

Yadav

Lee

Lloyd³

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

590

404

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Background:The prescription of probiotics as obesity and diabetes therapy is limited because of insufficient efficacy data and lack of understanding of their mechanism of action. Results: The probiotic VSL#3 prevents obesity and diabetes in mice via induction of butyrate and GLP-1. Conclusion: Probiotics modulate the gut flora to elicit beneficial metabolic effects. Significance: Administration of probiotics represents a viable treatment option for obesity and diabetes.

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“…The homeostatic balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines defines the profile and magnitude of inflammation and its effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis [8]. Therefore, therapies able to modulate the inflammatory state of adipose tissue are being considered for the treatment of obesity [9]. However, factors that might mitigate or act against this inflammatory response have remained elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alliin, a Garlic (Allium sativum) Compound, Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Quintero-Fabián

Ortuño-Sahagún

Vázquez‐Carrera

et al. 2013

Mediators of Inflammation

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Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used to alleviate a variety of health problems due to its high content of organosulfur compounds and antioxidant activity. The main active component is alliin (S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide), a potent antioxidant with cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions. In addition, it helps to decrease serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and uric acid, as well as insulin resistance, and reduces cytokine levels. However its potential anti-inflammatory effect is unknown. We examined the effects of alliin in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocytes by RT-PCR, Western blot, and microarrays analysis of 22,000 genes. Incubation of cells for 24 h with 100 μmol/L alliin prevented the increase in the expression of proinflammatory genes, IL-6, MCP-1, and Egr-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to 100 ng/mL LPS for 1 h. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which is involved in LPS-induced inflammation in adipocytes, was decreased following alliin treatment. Furthermore, the gene expression profile by microarrays evidentiate an upregulation of genes involved in immune response and downregulation of genes related with cancer. The present results have shown that alliin is able to suppress the LPS inflammatory signals by generating an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile and by modifying adipocyte metabolic profile.

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Inflammation‐mediated obesity and insulin resistance as targets for nutraceuticals

Cited by 21 publications

References 83 publications

Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months’ consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects

Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months’ consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects

Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a Probiotic via Butyrate-induced GLP-1 Hormone Secretion

Alliin, a Garlic (Allium sativum) Compound, Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

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