Inflammatory Agents Involved in Septic Miscarriage

Aisemberg, Julieta; Vercelli, Claudia Alejandra; Wolfson, Manuel Luis; Salazar, Ana Inés; Osycka‐Salut, Claudia; Billi, Silvia; Ribeiro, Maria L.C.; Farina, Mariana; Franchi, A.M.

doi:10.1159/000258710

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…COXderived lipid mediators such as PGE 2 or PGF 2 ␣ have been shown to be significantly increased following infections [218][219][220] or inflammations, especially during pregnancy [221][222][223] . Several clinical studies and case reports have shown possible contributions of viral infections and abnormal immune response in some cases of autism [224] .…”

Section: Involvement Of Immunological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurobiology of Lipid Metabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Tamiji¹,

Crawford²

2010

Neurosignals

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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication and reciprocal social interaction, coupled with repetitive behavior, which typically manifests by 3 years of age. Multiple genes and early exposure to environmental factors are the etiological determinants of the disorder that contribute to variable expression of autism-related traits. Increasing evidence indicates that altered fatty acid metabolic pathways may affect proper function of the nervous system and contribute to autism spectrum disorders. This review provides an overview of the reported abnormalities associated with the synthesis of membrane fatty acids in individuals with autism as a result of insufficient dietary supplementation or genetic defects. Moreover, we discuss deficits associated with the release of arachidonic acid from the membrane phospholipids and its subsequent metabolism to bioactive prostaglandins via phospholipase A₂-cyclooxygenase biosynthetic pathway in autism spectrum disorders. The existing evidence for the involvement of lipid neurobiology in the pathology of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism is compelling and opens up an interesting possibility for further investigation of this metabolic pathway.

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Section: Involvement Of Immunological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurobiology of Lipid Metabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Tamiji¹,

Crawford²

2010

Neurosignals

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“…[3] These results are consistent with the results of earlier meta-analyses. [4, 5] The biological mechanism explaining how smoking might lead to miscarriage remains unclear,[1] but hypotheses include fetal hypoxia and changes in placental vasculature,[6–9] inflammation [10–14] and immune modulation. [13, 15]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, HIV, and risk of pregnancy loss

Westreich

Cates

Cohen

et al. 2017

Aids

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Objective:Cigarette smoking during pregnancy increases risks of poor pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage and stillbirth (pregnancy loss), but the effect of smoking on pregnancy loss among HIV-infected women has not been explored. Here, investigated the impact of smoking on risk of pregnancy loss among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, and estimated the potential impact of realistic smoking cessation interventions on risk of pregnancy loss among HIV-positive women.Design:We analyzed pregnancy outcomes in HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 1994 and 2014.Methods:We estimated effects of current smoking at or immediately before pregnancy on pregnancy loss; we controlled for confounding using regression approaches, and estimated potential impact of realistic smoking cessation interventions using a semiparametric g-formula approach.Results:Analysis examined 1033 pregnancies among 659 women. The effect of smoking on pregnancy loss differed dramatically by HIV status: adjusted for confounding, the risk difference comparing current smokers to current nonsmokers was 19.2% (95% confidence limit 10.9–27.5%) in HIV-positive women and 9.7% (95% confidence limit 0.0–19.4%) in HIV-negative women. These results were robust to sensitivity analyses. We estimated that we would need to offer a realistic smoking cessation intervention to 36 women to prevent one pregnancy loss.Conclusion:Smoking is a highly prevalent exposure with important consequences for pregnancy in HIV-positive pregnant women in the United States, even in the presence of potent highly active antiretroviral therapy. This evidence supports greater efforts to promote smoking cessation interventions among HIV-positive women, especially those who desire to become pregnant.

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“…The reproductive performance was examined because it was reported that prenatal LPS induces spontaneous abortions (Aisemberg et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2013b;Xu et al, 2013) and intrauterine fetal death or embryonic resorption (Paintlia et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2008). Since environmental information received by a mother can induce a phenotype change in her offspring, commonly known as a maternal effect (trans-generational effect), the maternal behavior was assessed Soto et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%