Inflammatory, cardio-metabolic and diabetic profiling of chronic schizophrenia

Balõtšev, Roman; Koido, Kati; Vasar, Veiko; Janno, Sven; Kriisa, Kärt; Mahlapuu, Riina; Ljubajev, Ülle; Parksepp, Madis; Veiksaar, Peeter; Volke, Vallo; Lang, Aavo; Haring, Liina; Zilmer, Mihkel; Vasar, Eero

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.010

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Such results are consistent with previous literature 21 that suggests a close relationship between EGF concentrations and psychiatric symptoms as measured using BPRS for the entire patient group. In addition, Balotsev et al 8 showed that EGF serum levels are higher in patients with chronic schizophrenia than those of age-matched normal control subjects. Futamura et al 18 reported significantly decreased serum EGF concentrations in antipsychotic-free patients and in the antipsychotic-naive patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, investigators who examined the relationship between peripheral EGF levels and the psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia 8,18,20 yielded conflicting results. A survey conducted by Futamura et al 18 revealed a significant decrease in serum EGF levels in the patient sample (i.e., 4 medication-naive and 45 medicated chronic schizophrenia patients) relative to healthy controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decreased Serum EGF in First-episode and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients: Negative Correlation with Psychopathology

Zhang

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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previous studies have demonstrated that neurotrophic factors may play a critical role in the severity of clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. However, it remains unknown whether serum levels of epidermal growth factor (eGf) in schizophrenia are similar to those observed in the case of other neurotrophic factors. Therefore, we compared serum EGF concentrations in first-episode drug-naive (FEP) patients and medicated chronic schizophrenic patients with healthy controls in order to explore whether eGf levels are related to psychopathological symptoms. We measured the serum levels of EGF in 78 firstepisode medication-naive schizophrenia patients, 76 medicated chronic schizophrenic patients, and 75 healthy controls using the sandwich eLiSA method. Disease severity were measured using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). Serum EGF levels showed a significant decrease in schizophrenia patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Serum eGf levels in fep patients are indistinguishable from chronic cases. eGf levels were related to pAnSS general symptom subscales in both fep nevermedicated and medicated patients. it is interesting that serum eGf levels were negatively correlated with the PANSS cognitive subscales, with the exception of the patients with chronic schizophrenia. our preliminary results indicated that eGf may play a role in this illness and that it could be used as a potential biomarker of disease severity. Moreover, EGF may be associated with cognitive subscales of pAnSS in fep patients. future studies should investigate the relationship between eGf and cognitive function as measured using standardized neuropsychological assessments to identify potential biomarkers related with cognition.Epidermal growth factor (EGF), which was isolated from the submandibular gland of male mice by Stanley Cohen in 1962, is a very important neurotrophic factor, and is closely related to the proliferation, growth, differentiation, and regeneration of the central nervous system cell 1 . EGF exerts many biological functions by binding to its receptor EGFR and increasing Ca2+ concentration and the pH value in intracellular, which provides the necessary conditions for DNA synthesis and cell division 2,3 . Animal experiments showed that EGF could promote the growth of hippocampal neurons in vitro and enhance the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in neural stem cells 3-5 . In addition, EGF is a broad-spectrum neurotrophic factor which can ensure the survival of neurons, protect dopaminergic neurons from glutamate toxicity 6 , and repair neurons in the case of pathological conditions 2 , which is implicated in the repair process following brain injury.There is evidence that EGF levels are associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia 7-12 . Genetic studies revealed a significant association between EGF gene polymorphism and premorbid and current cognitive functioning or the age of onset of schizophrenia [13][14][15] . In addition, peripheral transcription of NRG-ErbB pathway genes are upregulated in the case of treatm...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Decreased Serum EGF in First-episode and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients: Negative Correlation with Psychopathology

Zhang

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…A postmortem study of 32 individuals with schizophrenia found decreased EGF concentrations in the prefrontal cortex and striatum (21) and elevated concentrations in prefrontal cortex compared to matched controls. Several clinical studies have also examined alterations of serum EGF in schizophrenia patients (21)(22)(23) but have yielded discrepant results. Two studies reported that peripheral EGF levels were substantially higher in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls (22,23), while others reported below-normal serum levels in patients (21,24), and still others found no difference between patients and controls (25,26).…”

Section: Thus We Speculated That Abnormal Expression Of Egf May C O mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Epidermal Growth Factor is Low in Schizophrenia and Not Affected by Antipsychotics Alone or Combined With Electroconvulsive Therapy

et al. 2020

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“…However, similar to positive symptoms, little is known whether improvement in negative symptoms is associated with a reduction of IL‐6 concentration. Low‐grade inflammatory alterations, including changes in IL‐6, were found in peripheral blood samples from chronic schizophrenia patients compared to those from heathy subjects (Balotsev et al, ; Maes, Bosmans, Calabrese, Smith, & Meltzer, ), as well as in post mortem IL‐6 mRNA levels in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Fillman et al, ). Assuming that inflammatory processes also form an important part of schizophrenia pathophysiology in the chronic phase, where the negative symptoms are of crucial importance, we propose that the improvement in negative symptomatology caused by sarcosine may influence inflammatory parameters: for example, by inducing changes in peripheral IL‐6 levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum levels of interleukin 6 in schizophrenic patients during treatment augmentation with sarcosine (results of the PULSAR study)

Strzelecki

Urban-Kowalczyk

Wysokiński

2018

Human Psychopharmacology

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Inflammatory, cardio-metabolic and diabetic profiling of chronic schizophrenia

Cited by 51 publications

References 75 publications

Decreased Serum EGF in First-episode and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients: Negative Correlation with Psychopathology

Decreased Serum EGF in First-episode and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients: Negative Correlation with Psychopathology

Serum Epidermal Growth Factor is Low in Schizophrenia and Not Affected by Antipsychotics Alone or Combined With Electroconvulsive Therapy

Serum levels of interleukin 6 in schizophrenic patients during treatment augmentation with sarcosine (results of the PULSAR study)

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