Inflammatory modulation and outer membrane vesicles (OMV) production associated to Bacteroides fragilis response to subinhibitory concentrations of metronidazole during experimental infection

Freitas, Michele Cristine Ribeiro de; Almeida, Patrícia E. de; Vieira, Werner Vieira; Ferreira-Machado, Alessandra Barbosa; Resende, Juliana Alves; Silva, Vânia Lúcia da; Diniz, Cláudio Galuppo

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102504

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although we generally associate pathogenic bacterial EVs with proinflammatory, it is also important to consider some of their anti-inflammatory qualities. Such BEV-mediated anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways could provide possible explanations for how pathogenic bacteria use BEVs to cause persistent infection (78,89,(104)(105)(106)(107)(108). For example, although Streptococcus pyogenes EVs can induce proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8) through bacterial toxins such as SLO (streptolysin O) in monocytic cells, BEVs from invasive strain SSI-1 cannot induce proinflammatory cytokines that noninvasive strain JRS4 can.…”

Section: Pathogenic Usage Of Anti-inflammatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, BEVs from P. gingivalis (and other periodontal pathogens) contain sRNAs that may contribute toward avoiding immune defense by blocking the production of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-5 and IL-13) in T cells (104). Indeed, when introduced into antibiotics such as metronidazole, pathogenic B. fragilis EVs cause an increase in both proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-10) (106). This mixed production of cytokines can prevent excessive host cell damage and dampen the host immune response, thereby creating an opportunity for the pathogen to remain in the host environment.…”

Section: Role Of Bevs In Anti-inflammatory Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Host-Microbe Interactions

Liu,

Akbar,

Oliverio

et al. 2023

Shock

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a new revelation in cross-kingdom communication, with increasing evidence showing the diverse roles of bacterial EVs (BEVs) in mammalian cells and host-microbe interactions. BEVs include outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by gram-negative bacteria and membrane vesicles (MVs) generated from gram-positive bacteria. Recently, BEVs have drawn attention for their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools because they are nano-sized and can deliver bacterial cargo into host cells. Importantly, exposure to BEVs significantly affects various physiological and pathological responses in mammalian cells. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the various effects of BEVs on host cells (i.e., immune cells, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells) and inflammatory/infectious diseases. First, the biogenesis and purification methods of BEVs are summarized. Next, the mechanisms and pathways identified by BEVs that stimulate either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses are highlighted. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which BEVs regulate host-microbe interactions and their effects on the immune system. Finally, this review focuses on the contribution of BEVs to the pathogenesis of sepsis/septic shock and their therapeutic potential for the treatment of sepsis.

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Section: Pathogenic Usage Of Anti-inflammatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Bevs In Anti-inflammatory Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Host-Microbe Interactions

Liu,

Akbar,

Oliverio

et al. 2023

Shock

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“…It was demonstrated that bacteria could respond to some stress conditions and enhance the release amount of OMVs, such as under the existence of antibiotics, virus infection, stressful environments, and other chemical agents. [ 80 ] In 2021, C. A. Mosby and coworkers [ 81 ] found that when a commensal bacterium, Enterobacter cloacae , were interacted with norovirus, the production amount of OMVs was enhanced, and particle size and accompanying bioinformation of OMVs were changed ( Figure 11 A,B ). The detailed mechanism was relevant to the altered genes related to membrane stability and OMVs production in bacteria.…”

Section: Outer Membrane Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another work, under the action of metronidazole in a subinhibitory concentration, the in vivo OMVs secretion amount of bacteria was also enhanced in Wistar rats infected with B. fragilis . [ 80b ] The in vivo release of OMV was verified by transmission electron microscope images in tissue cages model.…”

Section: Outer Membrane Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the lack of reliable imaging and tracking tools, the in situ generation process of biological vesicles populations was often speculative, as these biological vesicles were hardly detectable or difficult to monitor. Most of the current methods to verify vesicle generation were indirect, including monitoring the in vitro generation process of vesicles by simulating in vivo conditions, [ 43 , 46 ] quantifying the number of in vivo generated vesicles, [ 80 , 81 ] and monitoring the penetration effect of drugs carried vesicles in tumor. [ 55b ] The failure of these methods to reflect the real‐time generation of vesicles and transportation of bioinformation/drugs in vivo may lead to many speculative conclusions about vesicle‐related biological mechanisms.…”

Section: Perspectives and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organism‐Generated Biological Vesicles In Situ: An Emerging Drug Delivery Strategy

2022

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Biological vesicles, containing genetic materials and proteins of the original cells, are usually used for local or systemic communications among cells. Currently, studies on biological vesicles as therapeutic strategies or drug delivery carriers mainly focus on exogenously generated biological vesicles. However, the limitations of yield and purity caused by the complex purification process still hinder their clinical transformation. Recently, it has been reported that living organisms, including cells and bacteria, can produce functional/therapeutic biological vesicles within body automatically. Therefore, using organisms to produce endogenous biological vesicles in body as drug/bio‐information delivery carriers has become a potential therapeutic strategy. In this review, the current development status and application prospects of in situ organism‐produced biological vesicles are introduced. The advantages and effects of this endogenous biological vesicles‐based strategy in drug delivery and disease treatments are analyzed. According to the type of endogenous biological vesicles, they are divided into four categories: exosomes, platelet‐derived microparticles, apoptotic bodies, and bacteria‐released outer membrane vesicles. And finally, the shortcomings of current research and future development are analyzed. This review is believed to open up the application of endogenous biological vesicles in the field of biomedicine and shed light on current research.

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Enhancing protective immunity against bacterial infection via coating nano‐Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide with outer membrane vesicles

Huang,

Sun,

Cui

et al. 2024

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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With the coming of the post‐antibiotic era, there is an increasingly urgent need for safe and efficient antibacterial vaccines. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have received increased attention recently as a potential subunit vaccine. OMVs are non‐replicative and contain the principle immunogenic bacterial antigen, which circumvents the safety concerns of live‐attenuated vaccines. Here, we developed a novel nano‐vaccine by coating OMVs onto PEGylated nano‐Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide (pRL) in a structure consisting of concentric circles, resulting in a more stable vaccine with improved immunogenicity. The immunological function of the pRL‐OMV formulation was evaluated in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying mechanism was studied though transcriptomic analysis. The pRL‐OMV formulation significantly increased dendritic cell (DC) proliferation and cytokine secretion. Efficient phagocytosis of the formulation by DCs was accompanied by DC maturation. Further, the formulation demonstrated superior lymph node targeting, contributing to a potent mixed cellular response and bacterial‐specific antibody response against Bordetella bronchiseptica infection. Specifically, transcriptomic analysis revealed that the immune protection function correlated with T‐cell receptor signalling and Th1/Th2/Th17 differentiation, among other markers of enhanced immunological activity. These findings have implications for the future application of OMV‐coated nano‐carriers in antimicrobial immunotherapy.

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Inflammatory modulation and outer membrane vesicles (OMV) production associated to Bacteroides fragilis response to subinhibitory concentrations of metronidazole during experimental infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Host-Microbe Interactions

Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Host-Microbe Interactions

Organism‐Generated Biological Vesicles In Situ: An Emerging Drug Delivery Strategy

Enhancing protective immunity against bacterial infection via coating nano‐Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide with outer membrane vesicles

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