Inflammatory Response and Acute Phase Proteins in the Transition Period of High-Yielding Dairy Cows

Trevisi, Erminio; Amadori, Massimo; Archetti, I. L.; Lacetera, Nicola; Bertoni, Giuseppe

doi:10.5772/20747

Cited by 33 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…This is a crucial point in our opinion. Serum lysozyme concentrations in Holstein Friesian cows are by far lower than in other cattle breeds (Trevisi et al, 2011), as a possible result of genetic selection for milk fat yield (Trevisi et al, 2012). This probably underlies a risk condition, since lysozyme is involved in crucial pathways of the homeostatic control of inflammation and tissue damage (Liu et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2009).…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Disease risk assessment by clinical immunology analyses in periparturient dairy cows

Amadori

Fusi

Bilato

et al. 2015

Research in Veterinary Science

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Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Disease risk assessment by clinical immunology analyses in periparturient dairy cows

Amadori

Fusi

Bilato

et al. 2015

Research in Veterinary Science

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“…A key feature of the transition period from a metabolic and health standpoint is the increase in plasma of NEFA and ketone bodies (KB), both of which can be toxic above certain thresholds, and by a general decrease in both insulin sensitivity (except for the mammary gland) and blood insulin concentration [191]. The transition period is also characterized by inflammatory-like conditions as consequence of the release of proinflammatory cytokines, which along with NEFA affects directly liver functionality leading to poor performance [192]. …”

Section: Ppar Isotype Activation During the Peripartal Period In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Role of PPARs in Ruminants: Potential Targets for Fine-Tuning Metabolism during Growth and Lactation

et al. 2013

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Characterization and biological roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isotypes are well known in monogastrics, but not in ruminants. However, a wealth of information has accumulated in little more than a decade on ruminant PPARs including isotype tissue distribution, response to synthetic and natural agonists, gene targets, and factors affecting their expression. Functional characterization demonstrated that, as in monogastrics, the PPAR isotypes control expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory response, development, and growth. Contrary to mouse, however, the PPARγ gene network appears to controls milk fat synthesis in lactating ruminants. As in monogastrics, PPAR isotypes in ruminants are activated by long-chain fatty acids, therefore, making them ideal candidates for fine-tuning metabolism in this species via nutrients. In this regard, using information accumulated in ruminants and monogastrics, we propose a model of PPAR isotype-driven biological functions encompassing key tissues during the peripartal period in dairy cattle.

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“…Furthermore, given the interplay between the immune, endocrine and metabolic systems (Stofkova, 2009;Pittman, 2011), diminished immune competence at calving increases host susceptibility to infections (Trevisi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transient temperature elevation in transition cows (>39.5°C) in the days following calving is mainly due to common malaise conditions linked to inflammation and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukines 1 and 6 (IL-1 and IL-6) (Trevisi et al, 2011). These cytokines stimulate hepatic synthesis of positive acute phase proteins (pAPP) such as haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin (Chan et al, 2004;Huzzey et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows

Esposito

Irons

Webb

et al. 2014

Animal Reproduction Science

466

353

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The biological cycles of milk production and reproduction determine dairying profitability thus making management decisions dynamic and time-dependent. Diseases also negatively impact on net earnings of a dairy enterprise. Transition cows in particular face the challenge of negative energy balance (NEB) and/or disproportional energy metabolism (fatty liver, ketosis, subacute, acute ruminal acidosis); disturbed mineral utilization (milk fever, sub-clinical hypocalcemia); and perturbed immune function (retained placenta, metritis, mastitis). Consequently NEB and reduced dry matter intake are aggravated.The combined effects of all these challenges are reduced fertility and milk production resulting in diminishing profits. Risk factors such as NEB, inflammation and impairment of the immune response are highly cause-and-effect related. Thus, managing cows during the transition period should be geared towards reducing NEB or feeding specially formulated diets to improve immunity. Given that all cows experience a reduced feed intake and body condition, infection and inflammation of the uterus after calving, there is a need for further research on the immunology of transition dairy cows. Integrative 2 approaches at the molecular, cellular and animal level may unravel the complex interactions between disturbed metabolism and immune function that predispose cows to periparturient diseases.

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Inflammatory Response and Acute Phase Proteins in the Transition Period of High-Yielding Dairy Cows

Cited by 33 publications

References 70 publications

Disease risk assessment by clinical immunology analyses in periparturient dairy cows

Disease risk assessment by clinical immunology analyses in periparturient dairy cows

Functional Role of PPARs in Ruminants: Potential Targets for Fine-Tuning Metabolism during Growth and Lactation

Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows

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