Influence of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism on Cardiometabolic Risk, Maximal Fat Oxidation, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diet and Physical Activity in Young Adults

Montes-de-Oca-García, Adrián; Pérez‐Bey, Alejandro; Velázquez-Díaz, Daniel; Corral-Pérez, Juan; Opazo-Díaz, Edgardo; Rebollo-Ramos, María; Gómez‐Gallego, Félix; Cuenca-García, Magdalena; Casals, Cristina; Ponce-González, Jesús Gustavo

doi:10.3390/ijerph18073443

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Further studies need to analyze whether body fat percentage is associated with circulating free fatty acids levels, muscular fatty acid uptake, mitochondrial fatty acid transport and intramuscular triglyceride hydrolysis and oxidation. In addition, future studies should determine whether Metflex and body fat percentage are related with the genotype of the ADRB3, CD36 and ACE genes and the muscle content of CPT and ATGL which have been associated with MFO [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Fat Oxidation Is Positively Associated with Body Fatness in Men with Obesity: Defying the Metabolic Flexibility Paradigm

Chávez-Guevara

Hernández-Torres

Trejo-Trejo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Obesity is thought to be associated with a reduced capacity to increase fat oxidation in response to physical exercise; however, scientific evidence supporting this paradigm remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the interrelationship of different submaximal exercise metabolic flexibility (Metflex) markers and define its association with body fatness on subjects with obesity. Twenty-one male subjects with obesity performed a graded-intensity exercise protocol (Test 1) during which cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and its corresponding exercise intensity (FATmax) were recorded. A week afterward, each subject performed a 60-min walk (treadmill) at FATmax (Test 2), and the resulting fat oxidation area under the curve (TFO) and maximum respiratory exchange ratio (RERpeak) were recorded. Blood lactate (LAb) levels was measured during both exercise protocols. Linear regression analysis was used to study the interrelationship of exercise Metflex markers. Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate all possible linear relationships between Metflex and anthropometric measurement, controlling for CRF). The MFO explained 38% and 46% of RERpeak and TFO’s associated variance (p < 0.01) while TFO and RERpeak were inversely related (R2 = 0.54, p < 0.01). Body fatness positively correlated with MFO (r = 0.64, p < 0.01) and TFO (r = 0.63, p < 0.01) but inversely related with RERpeak (r = −0.67, p < 0.01). This study shows that MFO and RERpeak are valid indicators of TFO during steady-state exercise at FATmax. The fat oxidation capacity is directly associated with body fatness in males with obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Fat Oxidation Is Positively Associated with Body Fatness in Men with Obesity: Defying the Metabolic Flexibility Paradigm

Chávez-Guevara

Hernández-Torres

Trejo-Trejo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The search string results had an output of 29,092 articles and from these, 101 articles were identified as potential studies. After the full-text screening, 27 articles were excluded for the following reasons: six studies were not based on LACP (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40), five studies aimed to identify the effect of genomic ancestry (41)(42)(43)(44)(45), six studies focused only on genetic associations (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51), eight studies did not include cardiometabolic diseases (52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59), and two studies investigated gene x phenotype interactions (60,61) as shown in Figure 5. Finally, after excluding the irrelevant articles based on the exclusion criteria, 74 studies were included in this systematic review as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022.MethodsEligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies—of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies.ResultsWe identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results.DiscussionThe findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488.Systematic review registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.

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“…Heart rate and blood pressure Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured, after 10 min of sitting rest, by using an Omron M3 digital monitor (HEM-7051-E, Kyoto, Japan) as previously described (Montes-de-Oca-García et al, 2021). Heart rate was recorded at resting and during the exercise tests by using a Polar Team 2 monitoring equipment (Polar Electro Inc., Lake Success, NY, United States).…”

Section: Dietary Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-gamma Coactivator (PGC)-1 alpha gene rs8192678 polymorphism by gender on different health-related parameters in healthy young adults

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to analyze the influence of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene rs8192678 C>T polymorphism on different health-related parameters in male and female young adults. The PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 polymorphism was ascertained by polymerase chain reaction in 74 healthy adults (28 women; 22.72 ± 4.40 years) from Andalusia (Spain). Health-related variables included cardiometabolic risk, anthropometry and body composition, biochemical parameters, insulin sensitivity (QUICKI and HOMA-IR indexes), blood pressure (BP) at rest and after exercise, diet, basal metabolism, physical activity, maximal fat oxidation, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Our results showed differences by PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C>T polymorphism in body mass (p = 0.002), body mass index (p = 0.024), lean body mass (p = 0.024), body fat (p = 0.032), waist circumference (p = 0.020), and BP recovery ratio (p < 0.001). The recessive model (CC vs. CT/TT) showed similar results but also with differences in basal metabolism (p = 0.045) and total energy expenditure (p = 0.024). A genotype*sex interaction was found in the QUICKI index (p = 0.016), with differences between CC and CT/TT in men (p = 0.049) and between men and women inside the CT/TT group (p = 0.049). Thus, the PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C>T polymorphism is associated with body composition, basal metabolism, total energy expenditure, and BP recovery, where the CC genotype confers a protective effect. Moreover, our study highlighted sexual dimorphism in the influence of PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C>T polymorphism on the QUICKI index.

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Influence of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism on Cardiometabolic Risk, Maximal Fat Oxidation, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diet and Physical Activity in Young Adults

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Exercise Fat Oxidation Is Positively Associated with Body Fatness in Men with Obesity: Defying the Metabolic Flexibility Paradigm

Exercise Fat Oxidation Is Positively Associated with Body Fatness in Men with Obesity: Defying the Metabolic Flexibility Paradigm

Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review

Influence of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-gamma Coactivator (PGC)-1 alpha gene rs8192678 polymorphism by gender on different health-related parameters in healthy young adults

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