Influence of Age on Utilization of Supplemental Fats by Young Turkeys

Abstract

Male poults were fed diets containing 0, 4, 8, or 12% tallow or 4, 8, or 12% animal-vegetable fat blend (A-V Fat) from 1 day to 8 weeks of age. Supplemental fat improved 8-week body weight and feed efficiency, irrespective of fat source. Fat retention (fat consumed-fat excreted) was not affected by fat level or by fat source after 2 weeks of age. At 2 weeks, fat retention by poults fed tallow was less than that of poults fed A-V Fat. Fat retention increased with age, irrespective of fat source or level. Fat retentions ranged from 66.4 to 83.7 at 2 weeks and from 90.8 to 96.5 at 8 weeks of age. Changes in metabolizable energy (ME) values of the fats with age paralleled those of fat retention, whether ME were estimated by multiplying fat retention percentages times gross energy of the fats or by regression analysis of changes in diet ME associated with increments of fats. On the basis of changes in diet ME, the ME of tallow was 6808 kcal/kg at 2 weeks and 8551 kcal/kg at 8 weeks. Analagous values for A-V Fat were 7114 and 8924 kcal/kg, respectively. Fatty acid analysis of dietary and excreta fat indicated that, as turkeys aged, improvements in retention were greatest for palmitic and stearic acids, especially in the instance of tallow. Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) assay of intestines from poults fed no added fat, 12% tallow, or 12% A-V Fat showed that fat level did not significantly affect FABP activity. There was, however, a marked increase in intestinal FABP in 6- and 8-week-old poults as compared with 2- or 4-week-old poults.

Extruded Full Fat Soybean in Diets for Male Turkey

“…These results were in line with the results obtained in previous research works, which reflect positive effect of extruded feed on increased FCR and as a result, performance of poultry [16,26].…”

“…Nevertheless, total period FI was higher (p>0.05) in the control treatment (37,900 Kg) than in the T2, T3 and T4 (37,838, 37,821, and 37,736 Kg, respectively). The findings of the present study is in conformity with the findings of the previous research works [26,27], but at the same time they were not in conformity with the findings of the researchers who witnessed increased intake of EFFSB [16]. This might be due to an underestimation of the energy content of the beans used, and was probably because the energy value available to the bird because of rolling and extrusion, coupled with pelleting of the diets, was underestimated.…”

Effects of high selenium and fat supplementation on growth performance and thyroid hormones concentration of broilers

“…An age related effect has also been observed for cholesterol and triglycerides levels, which found to be lower in the whole blood of older broilers compared to that of two-wk old. This could probably be due to reduced capacity of young birds to efficiently digest fats because of less bile salts recycling and lower quantities of fatty acid binding proteins [57].…”

Causes for improvement in nutritive value of broiler chicken diets with whole wheat instead of ground wheat

“…Several aspects of the digestive system in birds seem to be immature at hatch (Sell et al, 1986). It is likely that suboptimal supply of components such as enzymes and bile salts limit digestion during the first weeks of life (Krogdahl and Sell, 1989), and it is generally accepted that diets for young chicks should be based on highly digestible ingredients.…”