Influence of Ambient Music on Perceived Exertion During a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Session: A Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary rehabilitation is a key element in the treatment of COPD. Music has been shown to have a positive effect on parameters related to a decrease in exercise tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of listening to ambient music on perceived exertion during a pulmonary rehabilitation session for COPD subjects. METHODS: COPD subjects randomly performed a session of pulmonary rehabilitation with or without ambient music. Perceived exertion (Borg scales), anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety Subscale), dyspnea (visual analog scale), and cardiorespiratory parameters were compared at the end of both sessions. RESULTS: Forty-one subjects were analyzed. The characteristics of the COPD subjects were as follows: age, 70.5 ؎ 8.4 y; body mass index, 22.7 ؎ 3.9 kg/m 2 ; and FEV 1 , 38.6 ؎ 12.5 % predicted. Perceived exertion was not modified by ambient music, but anxiety was improved (P ‫؍‬ .02). Dyspnea, fatigue and cardiorespiratory parameters were not influenced by music during a typical session of the pulmonary rehabilitation program. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that perceived exertion during one pulmonary rehabilitation session was not influenced by ambient music. However, a positive effect on anxiety was observed. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT01833260.)

Decreasing Stress Through a Spatial Audio and Immersive 3D Environment: A Pilot Study With Implications for Clinical and Medical Settings

“…Prior theory and research have begun to focus on the role of specific music features (rather than genres or styles) for individuals and groups (Greenberg et al, 2015(Greenberg et al, , 2016. Our findings in this pilot build on prior research that has shown that relaxing and ambient sounds and environments improve stress and anxiety in various clinical and medical contexts, including rehabilitation, pediatrics, soldiers suffering from posttraumatic stress, and in hospitals during preand post-operative settings (Calcaterra et al, 2014;Difede & Hoffman, 2002;George et al, 2007;Gromala et al, 2015; Hartling et al, 2013;Johnson et al, 2012;Knight & Rickard, 2001;Nilsson, 2009;Piskorz & Czub, 2018;Plante et al, 2006;Reychler et al, 2015;Rothbaum et al, 2001;Taneja et al, 2017;Tarrant et al, 2018;Thoma et al, 2013). Our findings also extend prior research which shows that low arousal and high depth music features can decrease perception of pain in experimental tasks (Basinski et al, 2018).…”

The Dia beat es Project: Perceptual, Affective and Psychophysiological Effects of Music and Music-Video in a Clinical Exercise Setting

“…However, the college-aged, highly active participants who were tested in the Hutchinson et al study (13) are not comparable to the current sample of older outpatients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, although external stimuli do appear to capture attention during exercise in a clinical setting, they do not appear to influence RPE in this particular population (25).…”

Psychosocial Interventions for Patients with Severe COPD—An Up-to-Date Literature Review

“…In another area, ambient music added to a standard PR session for patients with advanced COPD was observed to have positive effect, with a reduction of anxiety that was noticed after one session [60]. Despite a small sample size, this finding appears promising.…”