Influence of anthropogenic activities on changes in the chemical and biological properties of the soil

Abstract

The article investigates the influence of anthropogenic activity on the change in the chemical and biological properties of soils during agricultural use. The work was carried out in long-term stationary experiments laid down in 1963–1965. in the Khabarovsk Territory. The soil is meadow-brown, heavy loamy with an acidic reaction of the environment and low natural fertility. In the studied soils, the phosphorus supply varied from average in natural ecosystems to low in the variants with mineral fertilizers and very low in the variant without fertilizers. Potassium supply from high to high and medium, respectively. A decrease in acidity (pH 4.3) with an increase in anthropogenic load negatively affected the availability of chemical elements to plants and the number of microorganisms. Long-term agricultural use had a negative impact on the number of microorganisms inhabiting the soil of the agrocenosis: the content of ammonifiers decreased on average 9.7 times, amylolytics - 4.2 times. The use of mineral fertilizers contributes to some restoration of the biological activity of the soil, in comparison with the control option without their use.