Influence of atmospheric oxygen on leaf structure and starch deposition in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Ramonell, Katrina M.; Kuang, Anxiu; Porterfield, D. Marshall; Crispi, M. L.; Xiao, Ying; Mcclure, G.; Musgrave, Mary E.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00691.x

Cited by 64 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The ratio of carboxylation to the oxygenation reaction (initiating photorespiration) strongly depends on the relative concentrations of CO 2 and O 2 , and on leaf temperature (Lambers et al, 1998). Because of competition between CO 2 and O 2 for Rubisco, the decreased partial pressure of O 2 at high elevations combined with the constant CO 2 partial pressure treatment likely reduces photorespiration, and could partly explain the large increase in A max observed with elevation here (Cornic, 1980;Sun, 1999;Ramonell, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Augmentation de la capacité photosynthétique avec l’altitude: mesures d’échanges gazeux à pressions partielles de CO2 ambiante et constante

et al. 2009

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Abstract• Because all microclimatic variables change with elevation, it is difficult to compare plant performance and especially photosynthetic capacity at different elevations. Indeed, most previous studies investigated photosynthetic capacity of low-and high-elevation plants using constant temperature, humidity and light but varying CO 2 partial pressures (P CO2 ).• Using gas exchange measurements, we compared here maximum assimilation rates (A max ) at ambient and constant-low-elevation P CO2 for two temperate tree species along an altitudinal gradient (100 to 1600 m) in the Pyrénées mountains.• Significant differences in A max were observed between the CO 2 partial pressure treatments for elevations above 600 m, the between-treatment differences increasing with elevation up to 4 µmol m −2 s −1 . We found an increase in A max with increasing elevation at constant-low-elevation P CO2 but not at ambient P CO2 for both species. Given a 10% change in P CO2 , a proportionally higher shift in maximum assimilation rate was found for both species.• Our results showed that high elevation populations had higher photosynthetic capacity and therefore demonstrated that trees coped with extreme environmental conditions by a combination of adaptation (genetic evolution) and of acclimation. Our study also highlighted the importance of using constant CO 2 partial pressure to assess plant adaptation at different elevations. Mots-clés :adaptation / acclimatation / gradient altitudinal / pression partielle / capacité photosynthétique Résumé -Augmentation de la capacité photosynthétique avec l'altitude : mesures d'échanges gazeux à pressions partielles de CO 2 ambiante et constante.• Les conditions microclimatiques étant très variables avec l'altitude, il est difficile de comparer les performances d'une espèce végétale à différentes altitudes, particulièrement la capacité photosynthé-tique. En effet, la plupart des études antérieures ont estimé le taux maximal d'assimilation à basses et hautes altitudes en maintenant la température, l'humidité de l'air et la lumière constantes mais en laissant varier la pression partielle de CO 2 (P CO2 ).• Afin de comparer le taux maximum d'assimilation (A max ) à pressions partielles de CO 2 constantes de basse altitude et variables, nous avons effectué des mesures d'échanges gazeux sur deux espèces d'arbres tempérés le long d'un gradient altitudinal de 1600 m de dénivelé dans les Pyrénées françaises.• La différence entre les deux traitements de P CO2 est significative au-dessus de 600 m d'altitude et atteint un maximum de 4 µmol m −2 s −1 . Pour les deux espèces, nous avons mis en évidence une augmentation de A max avec l'altitude à P CO2 constantes mais pas à P CO2 ambiantes. Pour une modification de P CO2 de 10 %, le changement du taux maximum d'assimilation est proportionnellement supérieur chez les deux espèces.• Nos résultats montrent que les populations de hautes altitudes possèdent une capacité photosynthétique supérieure, démontrant que les arbres font face aux conditions environnement...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Augmentation de la capacité photosynthétique avec l’altitude: mesures d’échanges gazeux à pressions partielles de CO2 ambiante et constante

et al. 2009

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“…Other symptoms may include aberrant deposition of starch grains and thickened cell walls (Ramonell et al, 2001). In a full life-cycle experiment with Brassica, Kuang et al (2000) found protein bodies that were 44% smaller (cross-sectional area).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also looked for cell wall thickening, since this was seen in Arabidopsis leaves grown under reduced oxygen atmospheres and may be indicative of hypoxia (Ramonell et al, 2001). Figure 1 shows light micrographs of the seed.…”

Section: Seed Ultrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Seed-to-Seed-to-Seed Growth and Development of Arabidopsis in Microgravity

Link

Busse²,

Stanković³

2014

Astrobiology

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Arabidopsis thaliana was grown from seed to seed wholly in microgravity on the International Space Station. Arabidopsis plants were germinated, grown, and maintained inside a growth chamber prior to returning to Earth. Some of these seeds were used in a subsequent experiment to successfully produce a second (back-toback) generation of microgravity-grown Arabidopsis. In general, plant growth and development in microgravity proceeded similarly to those of the ground controls, which were grown in an identical chamber. Morphologically, the most striking feature of space-grown Arabidopsis was that the secondary inflorescence branches and siliques formed nearly perpendicular angles to the inflorescence stems. The branches grew out perpendicularly to the main inflorescence stem, indicating that gravity was the key determinant of branch and silique angle and that light had either no role or a secondary role in Arabidopsis branch and silique orientation. Seed protein bodies were 55% smaller in space seed than in controls, but protein assays showed only a 9% reduction in seed protein content. Germination rates for space-produced seed were 92%, indicating that the seeds developed in microgravity were healthy and viable. Gravity is not necessary for seed-to-seed growth of plants, though it plays a direct role in plant form and may influence seed reserves.

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“…Along this line, there are other factors that could limit horizontal transfer into cpDNA, e.g., the double-membrane envelope surrounding the chloroplast is a more formidable barrier than the nuclear envelope. Also, mitochondria have a peculiar tendency for fusion-subdivision cycles that might increase their exposure to foreign DNA (38). Finally, there are examples of horizontally acquired introns, and recently, whole genes in the cpDNA of unicellular green algae (39,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microhomology-mediated and nonhomologous repair of a double-strand break in the chloroplast genome of Arabidopsis

Kwon

Huq

Herrin

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is under great photooxidative stress, yet its evolution is very conservative compared with nuclear or mitochondrial genomes. It can be expected that DNA repair mechanisms play important roles in cpDNA survival and evolution, but they are poorly understood. To gain insight into how the most severe form of DNA damage, a double-strand break (DSB), is repaired, we have developed an inducible system in Arabidopsis that employs a psbA intron endonuclease from Chlamydomonas, I-CreII, that is targeted to the chloroplast using the rbcS1 transit peptide. In Chlamydomonas, an I-CreII-induced DSB in psbA was repaired, in the absence of the intron, by homologous recombination between repeated sequences (20-60 bp) abundant in that genome; Arabidopsis cpDNA is very repeat poor, however. Phenotypically strong and weak transgenic lines were examined and shown to correlate with I-CreII expression levels. Southern blot hybridizations indicated a substantial loss of DNA at the psbA locus, but not cpDNA as a whole, in the strongly expressing line. PCR analysis identified deletions nested around the I-CreII cleavage site indicative of DSB repair using microhomology (6-12 bp perfect repeats, or 10-16 bp with mismatches) and no homology. These results provide evidence of alternative DSB repair pathways in the Arabidopsis chloroplast that resemble the nuclear, microhomologymediated and nonhomologous end joining pathways, in terms of the homology requirement. Moreover, when taken together with the results from Chlamydomonas, the data suggest an evolutionary relationship may exist between the repeat structure of the genome and the organelle's ability to repair broken chromosomes.DNA repair | evolution | homing endonuclease | I-CreII | plastid DNA C hloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is closely associated with the photosynthetic membranes that harvest radiant energy and strip electrons from water, producing molecular oxygen as a byproduct (1, 2). Highly reactive forms of oxygen are also generated, and despite the presence of detoxifying enzymes, photooxidative damage is a serious problem. Although there has been extensive study of the damage, protection, and repair of photosynthetic membranes, there has been little attention paid to the genetic consequences of photooxidative stress (3). This can be attributed, at least in part, to a grossly incomplete knowledge of how cpDNA is replicated and maintained throughout the life of a plant (3, 4).However, despite the high-stress environment, the evolution of cpDNA is more conservative than nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (5). We can thus infer that DNA repair mechanisms play important roles in protecting cpDNA and are intimately involved in its evolution. And although some processes have been identified (6-11), the panoply of organelle repair mechanisms is not known, nor is it clear which are most important, or how they have coevolved with the genome. Although we expect that some cpDNA repair processes will reflect its prokaryotic ancestry, the consequences of eukaryotic cell integration...

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Influence of atmospheric oxygen on leaf structure and starch deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Augmentation de la capacité photosynthétique avec l’altitude: mesures d’échanges gazeux à pressions partielles de CO2 ambiante et constante

Augmentation de la capacité photosynthétique avec l’altitude: mesures d’échanges gazeux à pressions partielles de CO2 ambiante et constante

Seed-to-Seed-to-Seed Growth and Development of Arabidopsis in Microgravity

Microhomology-mediated and nonhomologous repair of a double-strand break in the chloroplast genome of Arabidopsis

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